@misc{parsons_lee_kathariou_2019, title={Heavy Metal Resistance Determinants of the Foodborne Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2073-4425"]}, DOI={10.3390/genes10010011}, abstractNote={Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and causes the disease listeriosis. Metal homeostasis is one of the key processes utilized by L. monocytogenes in its role as either a saprophyte or pathogen. In the environment, as well as within an animal host, L. monocytogenes needs to both acquire essential metals and mitigate toxic levels of metals. While the mechanisms associated with acquisition and detoxification of essential metals such as copper, iron, and zinc have been extensively studied and recently reviewed, a review of the mechanisms associated with non-essential heavy metals such as arsenic and cadmium is lacking. Resistance to both cadmium and arsenic is frequently encountered in L. monocytogenes, including isolates from human listeriosis. In addition, a growing body of work indicates the association of these determinants with other cellular functions such as virulence, suggesting the importance of further study in this area.}, number={1}, journal={GENES}, author={Parsons, Cameron and Lee, Sangmi and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2019}, month={Jan} }
 @article{parsons_lee_jayeola_kathariou_2017, title={Novel Cadmium Resistance Determinant in Listeria monocytogenes}, volume={83}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.02580-16}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={5}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Parsons, Cameron and Lee, Sangmi and Jayeola, Victor and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }
 @article{lee_ward_jima_parsons_kathariou_2017, title={The Arsenic Resistance-Associated Listeria Genomic Island LGI2 Exhibits Sequence and Integration Site Diversity and a Propensity for Three Listeria monocytogenes Clones with Enhanced Virulence}, volume={83}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.01189-17}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={21}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Ward, Todd J. and Jima, Dereje D. and Parsons, Cameron and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2017}, month={Nov} }
 @article{lee_kakumanu_ponnusamy_vaughn_funkhouser_thornton_meshnick_apperson_2014, title={Prevalence of Rickettsiales in ticks removed from the skin of outdoor workers in North Carolina}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1756-3305"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-014-0607-2}, DOI={10.1186/s13071-014-0607-2}, abstractNote={Tick-transmitted rickettsial diseases, such as ehrlichiosis and spotted fever rickettsiosis, are significant sources of morbidity and mortality in the southern United States. Because of their exposure in tick-infested woodlands, outdoor workers experience an increased risk of infection with tick-borne pathogens. As part of a double blind randomized-controlled field trial of the effectiveness of permethrin-treated clothing in preventing tick bites, we identified tick species removed from the skin of outdoor workers in North Carolina and tested the ticks for Rickettsiales pathogens.Ticks submitted by study participants from April-September 2011 and 2012 were identified to species and life stage, and preliminarily screened for the genus Rickettsia by nested PCR targeting the 17-kDa protein gene. Rickettsia were further identified to species by PCR amplification of 23S-5S intergenic spacer (IGS) fragments combined with reverse line blot hybridization with species-specific probes and through cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of 23S-5S amplicons. Ticks were examined for Ehrlichia and Anaplasma by nested PCR directed at the gltA, antigen-expressing gene containing a variable number of tandem repeats, 16S rRNA, and groESL genes.The lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) accounted for 95.0 and 92.9% of ticks submitted in 2011 (n = 423) and 2012 (n = 451), respectively. Specimens of American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum) and black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) were also identified. In both years of our study, 60.9% of ticks tested positive for 17-kDa. "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii", identified in all four tick species, accounted for 90.2% (416/461) of the 23S-5S-positive samples and 52.9% (416/787) of all samples tested. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Rickettsia-specific 23S-5S IGS, ompA and gltA gene fragments indicated that ticks, principally A. americanum, contained novel species of Rickettsia. Other Rickettsiales, including Ehrlichia ewingii, E. chaffeensis, Ehrlichia sp. (Panola Mountain), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, were infrequently identified, principally in A. americanum.We conclude that in North Carolina, the most common rickettsial exposure is to R. amblyommii carried by A. americanum. Other Rickettsiales bacteria, including novel species of Rickettsia, were less frequently detected in A. americanum but are relevant to public health nevertheless.}, journal={PARASITES & VECTORS}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Kakumanu, Madhavi L. and Ponnusamy, Loganathan and Vaughn, Meagan and Funkhouser, Sheana and Thornton, Haley and Meshnick, Steven R. and Apperson, Charles S.}, year={2014}, month={Dec} }
 @article{lee_rakic-martinez_graves_ward_siletzky_kathariou_2013, title={Genetic Determinants for Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance among Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Patients}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.03551-12}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={7}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Rakic-Martinez, M. and Graves, L. M. and Ward, T. J. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2013}, month={Apr}, pages={2471–2476} }
 @article{lee_ward_siletzky_kathariou_2012, title={Two Novel Type II Restriction-Modification Systems Occupying Genomically Equivalent Locations on the Chromosomes of Listeria monocytogenes Strains}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.07203-11}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={8}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Ward, T. J. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={2623–2630} }