@article{rick_fitzpatrick_2012, title={Archaeology and coastal conservation}, volume={16}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Coastal Conservation}, author={Rick, T. C. and Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2012}, pages={135–136} } @article{giovas_lefebvre_fitzpatrick_2012, title={New records for prehistoric introduction of Neotropical mammals to the West Indies: evidence from Carriacou, Lesser Antilles}, volume={39}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Biogeography}, author={Giovas, C. M. and LeFebvre, M. J. and Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2012}, pages={476–487} } @article{fitzpatrick_2012, title={On the shoals of giants: natural catastrophes and the overall destruction of the Caribbean's archaeological record}, volume={16}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Coastal Conservation}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2012}, pages={173–186} } @article{fitzpatrick_giovas_2011, title={New radiocarbon dates for the Grenadine Islands (West Indies)}, volume={53}, number={3}, journal={Radiocarbon}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Giovas, C. M.}, year={2011}, pages={451–460} } @article{fitzpatrick_giovas_kataoka_2011, title={Temporal trends in prehistoric fishing in Palau, Micronesia over the last 1500 years}, volume={46}, number={1}, journal={Archaeology in Oceania}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Giovas, C. M. and Kataoka, O.}, year={2011}, pages={6–16} } @article{rick_fitzpatrick_2011, title={The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology turns six}, volume={6}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology}, author={Rick, T. C. and Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2011}, pages={1–2} } @article{fitzpatrick_kaye_feathers_pavia_marsaglia_2009, title={Evidence for inter-island transport of heirlooms: luminescence dating and petrographic analysis of ceramic inhaling bowls from Carriacou, West Indies}, volume={36}, ISSN={["0305-4403"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jas.2008.08.007}, abstractNote={Abstract Ceramic snuffing tubes and inhaling bowls used for ingesting hallucinogenic substances are known from several islands in the West Indies, but their chronological distribution is often vague. A partial inhaling bowl found at the site of Grand Bay on Carriacou in deposits dating between ca. A.D. 1000–1200, along with two other unprovenienced specimens from the local museum, were dated using luminescence (TL and OSL) to determine their antiquity. Surprisingly, the dates had a weighted average of 400 ± 189 B.C., making them several hundred years older than all 14 C assays from the island; however, they do overlap in age with similar artifacts found on Puerto Rico and Vieques Island over 750 km away. Additional luminescence dating of two stylistically distinct Suazan ceramic sherds excavated from stratified deposits at Grand Bay fall within the expected ceramic and radiocarbon chronology. These data, coupled with petrographic analysis of the specimens, suggests that they were not made using local materials. Instead, they appear to have been transported to the island, possibly hundreds of years later, as heirlooms. This may be the first evidence for inter-island transport of drug paraphernalia in the Caribbean.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Kaye, Quetta and Feathers, James and Pavia, Jennifer A. and Marsaglia, Kathleen M.}, year={2009}, month={Mar}, pages={596–606} } @article{fitzpatrick_callaghan_2009, title={Examining dispersal mechanisms for the translocation of chicken (Gallus gallus) from Polynesia to South America}, volume={36}, ISSN={["1095-9238"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jas.2008.09.002}, abstractNote={Abstract DNA sequencing and radiocarbon dates from the archaeological site of El Arenal-1 (Arauco Peninsula, south central Chile) suggest that Polynesians may have introduced chicken ( Gallus gallus ) to South America prehistorically (A.D. 1300–1420). The Chilean specimen identified has the exact same amplified mtDNA pattern as samples recovered from archaeological sites in Samoa and Tonga, but is only one base different from prehistoric chicken samples from Tonga ( n  = 1), Niue ( n  = 1), Easter Island ( n  = 1 of 6), and Hawai'i ( n  = 1). To examine the possible dispersal mechanisms of chicken between Polynesian islands and the Americas, we conducted computer simulations of seafaring from these six island groups and the Tuamotus, as well as return voyages. Simulation results from sailed vessels suggest that in certain months, landfall on the Pacific Coast of South America from Samoa and Tonga was fairly successful at around 40% (particularly in March for the former and January/February for the latter). For Niue, sailed vessels were 21% successful in January with only 2% success in December. Sailed vessels from the Tuamotus (a proxy for closer island groups to the west with evidence for chicken such as the Cook Islands) were successful in January and December, with 15% and 23% of the vessels making landfall in South America. Vessels sailing from all simulations heading east from Easter Island resulted in landfall. Hawai'i had only a 1% success rate if sailing in January, but high numbers of vessels reached southern Mexico and Central America in August and September. Most landfalls occurred much farther north than Chile, in Ecuador and Peru. Unsuccessful voyages from all of the islands other than Easter Island and Hawai'i often made landfall on islands to the east. Return voyages from Chile were not possible or extremely rare during most times of the year. Overall, seafaring simulations suggest that Polynesians may not have initially landed in close proximity to El Arenal-1—contemporaneous or even earlier archaeological evidence of translocated chicken remains may indeed be found further north. In addition, if Polynesians found it difficult or impossible to return to their homeland, the possibility exists that co-mingling between Polynesians and South American groups resulted in offspring that carried an admixture of genetic traits.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Callaghan, Richard}, year={2009}, month={Feb}, pages={214–223} } @article{fitzpatrick_intoh_2009, title={Introduction: Archaeology and historical ecology in the Pacific Basin}, volume={63}, number={4}, journal={Pacific Science}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Intoh, M.}, year={2009}, pages={463–464} } @article{fitzpatrick_kappers_kaye_giovas_lefebvre_harris_burnett_pavia_marsaglia_feathers_2009, title={Precolumbian Settlements on Carriacou, West Indies}, volume={34}, ISSN={["2042-4582"]}, DOI={10.1179/009346909791070880}, abstractNote={Abstract The first systematic archaeological investigation of Precolumbian sites on the island of Carriacou in the West Indies provides a rich source of information regarding Amerindian settlement in the southern Caribbean. Herein, we report results from an island-wide survey and subsequent excavation at two large village sites—Grand Bay and Sabazan—that provide evidence for an intensive late Ceramic Age occupation dating between CAL. A.D. 400–1200. Results from four seasons of excavation at Grand Bay and two at Sabazan indicate that inhabitants colonized the island later than larger nearby islands (although an earlier settlement is possible); were engaged in inter-island and South American interactions as evidenced through analysis of pottery, stylistic artifacts, and faunal remains; exploited a variety of marine and terrestrial foods, including several animals rarely found in the Antilles that were translocated to the island from elsewhere; and buried their dead in and around shell middens and, at least once, under a habitable structure.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Kappers, Michiel and Kaye, Quetta and Giovas, Christina M. and LeFebvre, Michelle J. and Harris, Mary Hill and Burnett, Scott and Pavia, Jennifer A. and Marsaglia, Kathleen and Feathers, James}, year={2009}, pages={247–266} } @misc{fitzpatrick_2009, title={The archaeology of islands}, volume={37}, number={5}, journal={Human Ecology}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2009}, pages={665–667} } @misc{fitzpatrick_2008, title={Archaeological exploration of Oceanic worlds}, volume={82}, number={317}, journal={Antiquity}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2008}, pages={783–786} } @inproceedings{fitzpatrick_nelson_2008, title={From limestone caves to concrete graves: 3000 years of mortuary practice in the Palauan Archipelago, Micronesia}, volume={18}, number={5}, booktitle={International Journal of Osteoarchaeology}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Nelson, G. C.}, year={2008}, pages={439–457} } @article{fitzpatrick_callaghan_2008, title={Magellan's crossing of the Pacific: Using computer simulations to examine oceanographic effects on one of the world's greatest voyages}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1469-9605"]}, DOI={10.1080/00223340802303611}, abstractNote={Using Computer Simulations to Examine Oceanographic Effects on One of the World's Greatest Voyages On 28 November 1520, Ferdinand Magellan and his depleted fleet of ships, with fair weather, sailed around the tip of South America in what would be the world's first successful circumnavigation of the globe. Magellan's main objective was to find a westward route to the Moluccas or ‘Spice Islands’ on the equator and claim their wealth for the Spanish Crown. However, instead of reaching the Moluccas first, Magellan landed on Guam in the northwest Pacific at 12°N on 6 March 1521, passing only two uninhabited islands along the way. Three questions arise: first, why did he have such fair weather on leaving the Straits in a region notorious for severe conditions? Second, why did Magellan sail so far north of the Moluccas, which he knew to lay at the equator, especially considering that the crew was suffering from severe malnutrition, dehydration and scurvy? Third, how did the fleet sail more than 15,000 kilometres without sighting any of the thousands of islands scattered throughout the Pacific? We postulate that the answers to these questions are linked. Using computer simulations, the authors examine the extent to which oceanographic conditions, a possible El Niño event and decisions made by Magellan helped structure one of the world's most famous voyages.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF PACIFIC HISTORY}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Callaghan, Richard}, year={2008}, pages={145–165} } @article{fitzpatrick_2008, title={Maritime interregional interaction in Micronesia: Deciphering multi-group contacts and exchange systems through time}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1090-2686"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jaa.2007.12.002}, abstractNote={Recent theoretical perspectives focusing on interregional interaction can help explain the evolution of western Micronesian societies. Data from ethnohistoric accounts, oral traditions, and more recently, archaeological investigations, document the interactions between culturally and linguistically distinct island groups in the northwest tropical Pacific. Here, I look at the nature and emergence of these interaction networks between the islands of Yap and Palau in the Western Caroline Islands of Micronesia and the implications they had for transforming indigenous lifeways, exchange systems, and sociopolitics. In particular, I discuss a major facet of these interaction spheres—the Yapese quarrying of their famous stone “money” disks in the Palauan archipelago.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M.}, year={2008}, month={Mar}, pages={131–147} } @article{fitzpatrick_nelson_clark_2008, title={Small scattered fragments do not a dwarf make: Biological and archaeological data indicate that prehistoric inhabitants of Palau were normal sized}, volume={3}, number={8}, journal={PLoS One}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Nelson, G. C. and Clark, G.}, year={2008} } @misc{keegan_fitzpatrick_sealey_lefebvre_sinelli_2008, title={The role of small islands in marine subsistence strategies: Case studies from the Caribbean}, volume={36}, number={5}, journal={Human Ecology}, author={Keegan, W. F. and Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Sealey, K. S. and LeFebvre, M. J. and Sinelli, P. T.}, year={2008}, pages={635–654} } @article{fitzpatrick_donaldson_2007, title={Anthropogenic impacts to coral reefs in Palau, western Micronesia during the Late Holocene}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1432-0975"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00338-007-0226-x}, number={4}, journal={CORAL REEFS}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Donaldson, T. J.}, year={2007}, month={Dec}, pages={915–930} } @article{fitzpatrick_kappers_kaye_2007, title={Coastal erosion and site destruction on Carriacou, West Indies (vol 31, pg 251, 2006)}, volume={32}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Field Archaeology}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Kappers, M. and Kaye, Q.}, year={2007}, pages={113} } @misc{fitzpatrick_keegan_2007, title={Human impacts and adaptations in the Caribbean Islands: an historical ecology approach}, volume={98}, journal={Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Earth Sciences.}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Keegan, W. F.}, year={2007}, pages={29–45} } @misc{fitzpatrick_kleegan_2007, title={Human impacts and adaptations in the Caribbean Islands: an historical ecology approach}, volume={98}, journal={Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M. and Kleegan, W. F.}, year={2007}, pages={29–45} } @misc{fitzpatrick_2006, title={A critical approach to C-14 dating in the Caribbean: Using chronometric hygiene to evaluate chronological control and prehistoric settlement}, volume={17}, number={4}, journal={Latin American Antiquity}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2006}, pages={389–418} } @article{fitzpatrick_kappers_kaye_2006, title={Coastal erosion and site destruction on Carriacou, West Indies}, volume={31}, ISSN={["2042-4582"]}, DOI={10.1179/009346906791071954}, abstractNote={Abstract Archaeological investigations on the island of Carriacou in the southern Lesser Antilles, west Indies, have revealed prehistoric sites dating from CAL A.D. 400 to 1400. Grand Bay is one of the largest and archaeologically richest sites on the island and in the region, but is rapidly succumbing to erosion from natural forces and human activities. A similar problem affects the site of Sabazan. Both sites are located on the windward east coast of the island and have been, or are currently, mined for sand; two hurricanes also occurred recently. Photographs and extensive mapping of Grand Bay and preliminary work at Sabazan indicate that both sites are eroding at an average rate of approximately 1 m per year along the lengths of their coastal profiles. These data, combined with a quantification of materials recovered from excavation at Grand Bay, indicate that the loss of cultural remains from natural and human causes is catastrophic and that these sites will likely be completely destroyed within the next two decades if erosion continues at its present rate.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Kappers, Michiel and Kaye, Quetta}, year={2006}, pages={251–262} } @article{fitzpatrick_takamiya_neff_dickinson_2006, title={Compositional analysis of Yayoi-Heian period ceramics from Okinawa: Examining the potential for provenance study}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1520-6548"]}, DOI={10.1002/gea.20140}, abstractNote={In Okinawa, locally produced pottery dates back to the Initial Jomon period (˜6500 14C yr B.P.). Later in time, especially during the Early Yayoi‐Heian period (˜300 B.C.–A.D. 300), ceramic assemblages appear to contain mainland (Japan) Yayoi pottery. A greater number of these sherds present in Okinawa over time coincide with an increasing amount of interaction with mainland Japan, as evidenced by other exchange items. In this preliminary study, the authors analyzed sherds from several Early Yayoi‐Heian period deposits from sites in Okinawa using thin‐section petrography and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS). The objective was to examine the applicability of these techniques for Okinawan ceramic provenance studies, assess intra‐ and intersite variation in mineralogical and chemical composition, and determine whether some sites exhibited a higher frequency of pottery from one locale versus another that might suggest the importation of pottery from mainland Japan. Results are equivocal, suggesting that the region's geological complexity may inhibit successful provenance study of ceramics using these and possibly other compositional techniques. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, number={8}, journal={GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M. and Takamiya, Hiroto and Neff, Hector and Dickinson, William R.}, year={2006}, month={Dec}, pages={803–822} } @article{fitzpatrick_caruso_peterson_2006, title={Metal tools and the transformation of an oceanic exchange system}, volume={40}, ISSN={["0440-9213"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF03376723}, number={2}, journal={HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY}, author={Fitzpatrick, SM and Caruso, AC and Peterson, JE}, year={2006}, pages={9–27} } @article{nelson_fitzpatrick_2006, title={Preliminary investigations of the Chelechol ra Orrak Cemetery, Republic of Palau: I, skeletal biology and paleopathology}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1348-8570"]}, DOI={10.1537/ase.040710}, abstractNote={The Pacific Islands were the last major geographic region settled by humans. The physical remains of these settlers, who probably arrived within the last 4500 years, are rare. At the Chelechol ra Orrak site in the Palau archipelago of Micronesia, the discovery of a cemetery dating to near 3000 BP presents an opportunity to examine what portends to be a large sample of the earliest peoples to inhabit the western Pacific. This report is intended as an introduction to the human skeletal remains recovered to date and a preliminary analysis of the skeletal biology and paleopathology. Although quite fragmentary, analysis reveals a mortuary sample that includes neonates through aged adults and a pathology profile with examples of degenerative joint disease, porotic hyperostosis, and spondylolysis. Though in the early stages of investigation, the cemetery at Chelechol ra Orrak has great potential to aid our understanding of the biological relationships and health of the early inhabitants of Palau.}, number={1}, journal={ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCE}, author={Nelson, Greg C. and Fitzpatrick, Scott M.}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={1–12} } @article{fitzpatrick_2006, title={The archaeology of micronesia}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0003-8121"]}, DOI={10.1002/j.1834-4453.2006.tb00606.x}, abstractNote={The Archaeology of Micronesia By Paul Rainbird Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. ii + 301. ISBN cloth, 0‐521‐65188‐3, UK£52; paper, 0‐521‐65630‐3, UK£26.}, number={1}, journal={ARCHAEOLOGY IN OCEANIA}, author={Fitzpatrick, Scott M.}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={44–45} } @article{hazell_fitzpatrick_2006, title={The maritime transport of prehistoric megaliths in Micronesia}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0003-8121"]}, DOI={10.1002/j.1834-4453.2006.tb00601.x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={ARCHAEOLOGY IN OCEANIA}, author={Hazell, Leslie C. and Fitzpatrick, Scott M.}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={12–24} } @article{fitzpatrick_2004, title={Banking on stone money - For the Yapese of Micronesia, a disk of sculpted limestone could buy just about anything.}, volume={57}, number={2}, journal={Archaeology (New York, N.Y.)}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2004}, pages={18–23} } @article{fitzpatrick_2004, title={Quo vadis Caribbean archaeology? The future of the discipline in an international forum}, volume={40}, number={3}, journal={Caribbean Journal of Science}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2004}, pages={281–290} } @book{fitzpatrick_2004, title={Voyages of discovery: The archaeology of islands}, ISBN={0275979474}, publisher={Westport, Conn.: Praeger}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2004} } @article{fitzpatrick_2003, title={Early human burials in the western Pacific: evidence for a c.3000 year old occupation on Palau}, volume={77}, ISSN={["0003-598X"]}, DOI={10.1017/S0003598X00061664}, abstractNote={The author reports the oldest human skeletal assemblage found so far in the pacific Islands: at the site of Chalechol Ra Orrak on Palau, Micronesia.}, number={298}, journal={ANTIQUITY}, author={Fitzpatrick, SM}, year={2003}, month={Dec}, pages={719–731} } @article{fitzpatrick_2003, title={Shellfish assemblages from two limestone quarries in the Palau Islands.}, volume={23}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Ethnobiology}, author={Fitzpatrick, S. M.}, year={2003}, pages={101–123} }