@article{kenworthy_quesenberry_aldrich_buhlman_rios_unruh_harmon_dale_milla‐lewis_schwartz_et al._2024, title={Registration of ‘FSA1602’ St. Augustinegrass}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20341}, DOI={10.1002/plr2.20341}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Journal of Plant Registrations}, author={Kenworthy, Kevin and Quesenberry, Kenneth and Aldrich, Kendall and Buhlman, Jamie and Rios, Esteban and Unruh, Bryan and Harmon, Philip and Dale, Adam and Milla‐Lewis, Susana and Schwartz, Brian and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{gouveia_chandra_kenworthy_raymer_schwartz_wu_milla-lewis_2024, title={Warm-season turfgrass species genotype-by-environment interaction for turfgrass quality under drought}, volume={210}, ISSN={["1439-037X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12681}, DOI={10.1111/jac.12681}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE}, author={Gouveia, Beatriz Tome and Chandra, Ambika and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Raymer, Paul L. and Schwartz, Brian M. and Wu, Yanqi Q. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{rockstad_austin_gouveia_carbajal_milla-lewis_2023, title={Assessing unmanned aerial vehicle-based imagery for breeding applications in St. Augustinegrass under drought and non-drought conditions}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21128}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.21128}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Rockstad, Greta B. G. and Austin, Robert E. and Gouveia, Beatriz T. and Carbajal, Esdras M. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @article{chandra_genovesi_meeks_segars_eads_hejl_floyd_wherley_straw_bowling_et al._2023, title={Registration of 'DALSA 1618' St. Augustinegrass}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1940-3496"]}, DOI={10.1002/plr2.20302}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS}, author={Chandra, Ambika and Genovesi, A. Dennis and Meeks, Meghyn and Segars, Chrissie A. and Eads, Justin and Hejl, Reagan and Floyd, Weston and Wherley, Benjamin and Straw, Chase and Bowling, Rebecca and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{melgar_miller_dunne_schwartz_milla‐lewis_2022, title={Evaluation of South African common bermudagrass germplasm for shade tolerance}, volume={4}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/its2.124}, DOI={10.1002/its2.124}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Melgar, Esdras M. Carbajal and Miller, Grady L. and Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Schwartz, Brian M. and Milla‐Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{miller_gragg_pinnix_mccauley_milla‐lewis_2022, title={Fall establishment of zoysiagrass on roadsides in the U.S. transition zone}, volume={5}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/its2.128}, DOI={10.1002/its2.128}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Miller, Grady and Gragg, Ben and Pinnix, Drew and McCauley, Ray and Milla‐Lewis, Susana}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{katuwal_jespersen_bhattarai_chandra_kenworthy_milla-lewis_schwartz_wu_raymer_2022, title={Multilocational screening identifies new drought-tolerant, warm-season turfgrasses}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20726}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20726}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Katuwal, Krishna B. and Jespersen, David and Bhattarai, Uttam and Chandra, Ambika and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Schwartz, Brian Matthew and Wu, Yanqi and Raymer, Paul}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{yu_lara_carbajal_milla-lewis_2022, title={QTL mapping of morphological characteristics that correlated to drought tolerance in St. Augustinegrass}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0268004}, abstractNote={St. Augustinegrass is a warm-season grass species widely utilized as turf in the southeastern U.S. It shows significant variation in plant growth and morphological characteristics, some of which are potentially associated with drought tolerance. However, the genetic basis of these variations is not well understood. Detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with morphological traits will provide a foundation for the application of genetic and molecular breeding in St. Augustinegrass. In this study, we report QTL associated with morphological traits, including leaf blade width (LW), leaf blade length (LL), canopy density (CD), and shoot growth orientation (SGO) in a St. Augustinegrass ‘Raleigh’ x ‘Seville’ mapping population containing 115 F1 hybrids. Phenotypic data were collected from one greenhouse and two field trials. Single and joint trial analyses were performed, finding significant phenotypic variance among the hybrids for all traits. Interval mapping (IM) and multiple QTL method (MQM) analysis detected seven QTL for CD, four for LL, five for LW, and two for SGO, which were distributed on linkage groups RLG1, RLG9, SLG3, SLG7, SLG8 and SLG9. In addition, three genomic regions where QTL colocalized were identified on Raleigh LG1 and Seville LG3. One genomic region on Seville LG3 overlapped with two previously reported drought-related QTL for leaf relative water content (RWC) and percent green cover (GC). Several candidate genes related to plant development and drought stress response were identified within QTL intervals. The QTL identified in this study represent a first step in identifying genes controlling morphological traits that might accelerate progress in selection of St. Augustinegrass lines with lower water usage.}, number={5}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Yu, Xingwang and Lara, Nicolas A. H. and Carbajal, Esdras M. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2022} }
 @article{graham_gouveia_carbajal_laat_milla-lewis_2022, title={Using base index for selection of St. Augustinegrass breeding lines evaluated in multienvironment trials for turfgrass quality traits and stress tolerance in North Carolina}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20755}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20755}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Graham, Sydney E. and Gouveia, Beatriz Tome and Carbajal, Esdras M. and Laat, Rocio and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @article{moseley_trappe_milla-lewis_chandra_kenworthy_liu_patton_2021, title={Characterizing the growth and winter survival of commercially available and experimental genotypes of St. Augustinegrass}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20445}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20445}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Moseley, David O. and Trappe, Jon M. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Chandra, Ambika and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Liu, Wenwen and Patton, Aaron J.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={3097–3109} }
 @article{brown_yu_holloway_tuong_schwartz_patton_arellano_livingston_milla-lewis_2021, title={Identification of QTL associated with cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in Zoysia japonica}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20368}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20368}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Brown, Jessica M. and Yu, Xingwang and Holloway, H. McCamy P. and Tuong, Tan D. and Schwartz, Brian M. and Patton, Aaron J. and Arellano, Consuelo and Livingston, David P. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={3044–3055} }
 @article{carbajal_ma_zuleta_reynolds_arellano_tredway_milla-lewis_2021, title={Identification of sources of resistance to gray leaf spot in Stenotaphrum germplasm}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20371}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20371}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Carbajal, Esdras M. and Ma, Bangya and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Reynolds, W. Casey and Arellano, Consuelo and Tredway, Lane P. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={3069–3079} }
 @article{gouveia_rios_nunes_gezan_munoz_kenworthy_unruh_miller_milla-lewis_schwartz_et al._2021, title={Multispecies genotype x environment interaction for turfgrass quality in five turfgrass breeding programs in the southeastern United States}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20421}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20421}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Gouveia, Beatriz Tome and Rios, Esteban Fernando and Nunes, Jose Airton Rodrigues and Gezan, Salvador A. and Munoz, Patricio R. and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Unruh, J. Bryan and Miller, Grady L. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Schwartz, Brian M. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={3080–3096} }
 @article{brown_yu_holloway_dacosta_bernstein_lu_tuong_patton_dunne_arellano_et al._2020, title={Differences in proteome response to cold acclimation in Zoysia japonica cultivars with different levels of freeze tolerance}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20225}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Brown, Jessica M. and Yu, Xingwang and Holloway, H. McCamy P. and DaCosta, Michelle and Bernstein, Rachael P. and Lu, Jefferson and Tuong, Tan D. and Patton, Aaron J. and Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Arellano, Consuelo and et al.}, year={2020}, pages={2744–2756} }
 @article{gouveia_rios_rodrigues nunes_gezan_munoz_kenworthy_unruh_miller_milla-lewis_schwartz_et al._2020, title={Genotype-by-environment interaction for turfgrass quality in bermudagrass across the southeastern United States}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20260}, DOI={10.1002/csc2.20260}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Gouveia, Beatriz Tome and Rios, Esteban Fernando and Rodrigues Nunes, Jose Airton and Gezan, Salvador A. and Munoz, Patricio R. and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Unruh, J. Bryan and Miller, Grady L. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Schwartz, Brian M. and et al.}, year={2020}, pages={3328–3343} }
 @article{yu_mulkey_zuleta_arellano_ma_milla-lewis_2020, title={Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Gray Leaf Spot Resistance in St. Augustinegrass}, volume={104}, ISSN={["1943-7692"]}, DOI={10.1094/PDIS-04-20-0905-RE}, abstractNote={ Gray leaf spot (GLS), caused by Magnaporthe grisea, is a major fungal disease of St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), causing widespread blighting of the foliage under warm, humid conditions. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling GLS resistance, an F1 mapping population consisting of 153 hybrids was developed from crosses between cultivar Raleigh (susceptible parent) and plant introduction PI 410353 (resistant parent). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated from genotyping-by-sequencing constituted nine linkage groups for each parental linkage map. The Raleigh map consisted of 2,257 SNP markers and spanned 916.63 centimorgans (cM), while the PI 410353 map comprised 511 SNP markers and covered 804.27 cM. GLS resistance was evaluated under controlled environmental conditions with measurements of final disease incidence and lesion length. Additionally, two derived traits, area under the disease progress curve and area under the lesion expansion curve, were calculated for QTL analysis. Twenty QTL were identified as being associated with these GLS resistance traits, which explained 7.6 to 37.2% of the total phenotypic variation. Three potential GLS QTL “hotspots” were identified on two linkage groups: P2 (106.26 to 110.36 cM and 113.15 to 116.67 cM) and P5 (17.74 to 19.28 cM). The two major effect QTL glsp2.3 and glsp5.2 together reduced 20.2% of disease incidence in this study. Sequence analysis showed that two candidate genes encoding β-1,3-glucanases were found in the intervals of two QTL, which might function in GLS resistance response. These QTL and linked markers can be potentially used to assist the transfer of GLS resistance genes to elite St. Augustinegrass breeding lines. }, number={11}, journal={PLANT DISEASE}, author={Yu, Xingwang and Mulkey, Steve E. and Zuleta, Maria C. and Arellano, Consuelo and Ma, Bangya and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={2799–2806} }
 @article{yu_brown_graham_carbajal_zuleta_milla-lewis_2019, title={Detection of quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance in St. Augustinegrass}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0224620}, abstractNote={St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) is a warm-season grass species commonly utilized as turf in the southeastern US. Improvement in the drought tolerance of St. Augustinegrass has significant value within the turfgrass industry. Detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with drought tolerance will allow for advanced breeding strategies to identify St. Augustinegrass germplasm with improved performance for this trait. A multi-year and multi-environment study was performed to identify QTL in a ‘Raleigh’ x ‘Seville’ mapping population segregating for phenotypic traits associated with drought tolerance. Phenotypic data was collected from a field trial and a two-year greenhouse study, which included relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content (CHC), leaf firing (LF), leaf wilting (LW), green cover (GC) and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI). Significant phenotypic variance was observed and a total of 70 QTL were detected for all traits. A genomic region on linkage group R6 simultaneously harbored QTL for RWC, LF and LW in different experiments. In addition, overlapping QTL for GC, LF, LW and NDVI were found on linkage groups R1, R5, R7 and S2. Sequence alignment analysis revealed several drought response genes within these regions. The QTL identified in this study have potential to be used in the future to identify genes associated with drought tolerance and for use in marker-assisted breeding.}, number={10}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Yu, Xingwang and Brown, Jessica M. and Graham, Sydney E. and Carbajal, Esdras M. and Zuleta, Maria C. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2019}, month={Oct} }
 @article{carbajal_zuleta_swayzer_schwartz_chavarro_ballen‐taborda_milla‐lewis_2019, title={Development of colchicine‐induced tetraploid St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) lines}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.12742}, DOI={10.1111/pbr.12742}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Plant Breeding}, author={Carbajal, Esdras M. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Swayzer, Luellen and Schwartz, Brian M. and Chavarro, Maria Carolina and Ballen‐Taborda, A. Carolina and Milla‐Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{dunne_tuong_livingston_reynolds_milla-lewis_2019, title={Field and Laboratory Evaluation of Bermudagrass Germplasm for Cold Hardiness and Freezing Tolerance}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2017.11.0667}, abstractNote={Bermudagrass [Cynodon spp. (L.) Rich.] is a high‐quality, durable turfgrass with excellent heat and drought tolerance. However, its lack of freezing tolerance limits its use in the transition zone. The development of cultivars with enhanced freezing tolerance would constitute a significant improvement in the management of bermudagrass in this region and could extend its area of adaptation further north. There has been substantial work on screening of common‐type bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] germplasm for freezing tolerance, but not for the African (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy) germplasm. The purpose of this research was to conduct multiyear field testing and laboratory‐based freezing test evaluations of winter hardiness and freezing tolerance, respectively, of an African and common bermudagrass germplasm collection. A high level of cold hardiness was observed among the germplasm in this study. In field evaluations, plant introductions (PIs) PI 290905, PI 647879, PI 255447, PI 289923, and PI 615161 were the top performers, having consistently greater spring green‐up and reduced winterkill compared with ‘Patriot’, ‘Tifsport’, ‘Quickstand’, and ‘Tifway’, though not always significantly. A comparison between field‐based ratings and calculated lethal temperatures for 50% death (LT50) from laboratory‐based freezing tests showed significant correlations of −0.26 and −0.24 for spring green‐up and winterkill, respectively, suggesting that these controlled freeze experiments could be used to prescreen materials prior to field testing. Overall, results indicate that some of the PIs evaluated in this study can be used as additional sources of cold hardiness in bermudagrass breeding.}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Tuong, Tan D. and Livingston, David P. and Reynolds, W. Casey and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2019}, pages={392–399} }
 @article{khanal_dunne_schwartz_kim_milla-lewis_raymer_hanna_adhikari_auckland_rainville_et al._2019, title={Molecular Dissection of Quantitative Variation in Bermudagrass Hybrids (Cynodon dactylon x transvaalensis): Morphological Traits}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2160-1836"]}, DOI={10.1534/g3.119.400061}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS}, author={Khanal, Sameer and Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Schwartz, Brian M. and Kim, Changsoo and Milla-Lewis, Susana and Raymer, Paul L. and Hanna, Wayne W. and Adhikari, Jeevan and Auckland, Susan A. and Rainville, Lisa and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={2581–2596} }
 @article{schwartz_hanna_baxter_raymer_waltz_kowalewski_chandra_genovesi_wherley_miller_et al._2018, title={'DT-1', a Drought-tolerant Triploid Turf Bermudagrass}, volume={53}, ISSN={["2327-9834"]}, DOI={10.21273/HORTSCI13083-18}, abstractNote={There are 20 million hectares of turfgrass managed in the United States, constituting the $40 billion turfgrass industry (National Turfgrass Federation, 2017). In most tropical and warm, temperate regions, bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is the foundation of the turfgrass industry (Taliaferro et al., 2004). Development of bermudagrass for turfgrass began in the early 1900s. Much of this development has involved the hybridization of Cynodon dactylon (L.), a tetraploid recognized as an invasive weed species in many regions, andC. transvaalensis (Burt-Davy), a more erect-growing diploid (de Wet and Harlan, 1970; Harlan and de Wet, 1969). Early turfgrass-breeding programs have aimed to develop better bermudagrasses to replace sand putting greens or seeded varieties (i.e., Burton, 1991). Today, the goal of many breeding programs is to create cultivars that are adapted to a broader range of environments and have improved drought tolerance. The latter is particularly important, as irrigation restrictions during drought events are becoming more common. Improved drought tolerance allows turfgrass to maintain growth and metabolic activities under water deficits through physiological processes, including osmotic adjustment, maintenance of root viability, and membrane stability (Huang et al., 2014; Nilsen and Orcutt, 1996). DT-1, an interspecific triploid (2n = 3x = 27) hybrid of C. transvaalensis and C. dactylon, was tested in 19 drought-stress trials in Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas before it was co-released from the University of Georgia and the U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service in 2014 and commercially named ‘TifTuf’ (Hanna and Schwartz, 2016). Potential uses of DT-1 include sports turfgrass, home lawns, and golf course roughs, fairways, and tee boxes. DT-1 better withstands drought and traffic than previous commercial releases. In addition, it is generally faster growing than other bermudagrass cultivars and maintains turfgrass cover and green color longer into the fall. The objective of this manuscript is to summarize the performance, quality, and drought tolerance research leading to the release of DT-1.}, number={11}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, publisher={American Society for Horticultural Science}, author={Schwartz, Brian M. and Hanna, Wayne W. and Baxter, Lisa L. and Raymer, Paul L. and Waltz, F. Clint and Kowalewski, Alec R. and Chandra, Ambika and Genovesi, A. Dennis and Wherley, Benjamin G. and Miller, Grady L. and et al.}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={1711–1714} }
 @article{mccamy_holloway_yu_dunne_schwartz_patton_arellano_milla-lewis_2018, title={A SNP-based high-density linkage map of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) and its use for the identification of QTL associated with winter hardiness}, volume={38}, ISSN={["1572-9788"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11032-017-0763-0}, number={1}, journal={MOLECULAR BREEDING}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={McCamy, H. and Holloway, P. and Yu, Xingwang and Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Schwartz, Brian M. and Patton, Aaron J. and Arellano, Consuelo and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2018}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{buhlman_harmon_milla-lewis_rios_kenworthy_2018, title={Analysis of St. Augustinegrass cultivars using SSR markers and testing for the presence of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus}, author={Buhlman, J.L. and Harmon, P.F. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Rios, E.F. and Kenworthy, K.E.}, year={2018}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{brown_holloway_tuong_yu_livingston_patton_arellano_schwartz_milla-lewis_2018, title={Controlled Freezing Tests and QTL Mapping in Cold-acclimated and Non-acclimated Zoysiagrass}, author={Brown, J.M. and Holloway, H.M. and Tuong, T. and Yu, X. and Livingston, D.P. and Patton, A.J. and Arellano, C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2018}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2018, title={From Classical to Molecular Approaches: Building a Turfgrass Breeding Program for the Transition Zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2018}, month={Apr} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2018, title={From the breeder’s corner}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2018}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{yu_kimball_milla-lewis_2018, title={High-density genetic maps of St. Augustinegrass and applications to comparative genomic analysis and QTL mapping of turf quality traits}, volume={18}, ISSN={1471-2229}, url={https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-018-1554-4}, DOI={10.1186/s12870-018-1554-4}, abstractNote={St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is a warm-season, perennial turfgrass species well adapted for home lawns and commercial landscapes with economic and ecological value. However, a lack of genomic resources in St. Augustinegrass has hindered the full utilization of genetic variance for maximizing genetic gain and limited our understanding of the species' evolution.In this study, we constructed the first high-density linkage map for St. Augustinegrass using a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach. The integrated linkage map consists of 2871 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and 81 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, spanning 1241.7 cM, with an average distance of 0.4 cM between markers, and thus represents the densest genetic map for St. Augustinegrass to date. Comparative genomic analysis revealed inter-chromosome arrangements and independent nested chromosome fusion events that occurred after St. Augustinegrass, foxtail millet, sorghum, and rice diverged from a common ancestor. Forty-eight candidate quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for turf quality-related traits, including overall turf quality, leaf texture, genetic color, and turf density. Three hot spot regions were identified on linkage groups LG3 and LG8, where multi-QTL for different traits overlapped. Several leaf development related genes were contained within these identified QTL regions.This study developed the first high-density genetic map and identified putative QTL related to turf quality, which provide valuable genetic resources for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in St. Augustinegrass.}, number={1}, journal={BMC Plant Biology}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Yu, X. and Kimball, J.A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={346} }
 @article{kimball_tuong_arellano_livingston_milla-lewis_2018, title={Linkage analysis and identification of quantitative trait loci associated with freeze tolerance and turf quality traits in St. Augustinegrass}, volume={38}, ISSN={1380-3743, 1572-9788}, url={http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11032-018-0817-y}, DOI={10.1007/s11032-018-0817-y}, number={5}, journal={Molecular Breeding}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Kimball, Jennifer A. and Tuong, Tanduy D. and Arellano, Consuelo and Livingston, David P. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={67} }
 @misc{yu_milla-lewis_2017, title={A high-density genetic linkage map and QTL analysis of drought-related traits in St. Augustinegrass using genotype by sequencing}, author={Yu, X. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @article{chandra_milla-lewis_yu_2017, title={An Overview of Molecular Advances in Zoysiagrass}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.09.0822}, abstractNote={Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp. Willd.) is a perennial warm‐season grass adapted to the tropical and southern temperate regions of the world. Species of Zoysia and their interspecific hybrids are recognized for their low cultural requirements and tolerance to a wide array of biotic and abiotic stresses, and are widely used as turfgrass on golf courses, athletic fields, home lawns, and other recreational sites. Plant breeders predominantly use conventional breeding methods involving hybridization and phenotypic selection to make genetic improvements in zoysiagrass. Zoysia spp. are cross compatible, limiting phenotype‐based classification and identification. Zoysiagrass is also an open‐pollinated and polyploid species, which makes it a difficult molecular target. However, the recent influx of powerful molecular biology tools, genome sequencing, and genetic transformation will enable breeders to make more efficient, accurate, and targeted improvements. Compared with major agricultural crops such as wheat (Triticum spp. L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and maize (Zea mays L.), as well as cool‐season turf or forage grasses such as ryegrass (Lolium spp. L.) and fescues (Festuca spp. L.), slow but recognizable molecular advancements have been made in zoysiagrasses, which will be covered in this article. Commitment by public and private sector to increased funding for molecular and genomic research in turfgrasses will enable researchers to take advantage of these new technologies to make more targeted and efficient genetic improvements in a reasonable period of time.}, journal={Crop Science}, author={Chandra, Ambika and Milla-Lewis, Susana and Yu, Qingyi}, year={2017} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Applied Plant Genetics and Genomics for Turf Improvement}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Sep} }
 @article{kimball_tuong_arellano_livingston_milla-lewis_2017, title={Assessing freeze tolerance in St. Augustinegrass: II. acclimation treatment effects}, volume={213}, ISSN={["1573-5060"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-2074-2}, DOI={10.1007/s10681-017-2074-2}, number={12}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Kimball, Jennifer A. and Tuong, Tan D. and Arellano, Consuelo and Livingston, David P., III and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2017}, month={Dec} }
 @article{kimball_tuong_arellano_livingston_milla-lewis_2017, title={Assessing freeze-tolerance in St. Augustinegrass: temperature response and evaluation methods}, volume={213}, DOI={10.1007/s10681-017-1899-z}, number={5}, journal={Euphytica}, author={Kimball, Jennifer A. and Tuong, Tan D. and Arellano, Consuelo and Livingston, David P., III and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2017}, month={Apr} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Breeding Turfgrasses for stress tolerance and pest resistance in the transition zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Feb} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Developing Turfgrasses with Improved Stress Tolerance and Pest Resistance for North Carolina}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Feb} }
 @misc{carbajal_zuleta_swayzer_schwartz_milla-lewis_2017, title={Development and Characterization of colchicine-induced tetraploid lines of St. Augustinegrass}, author={Carbajal, E.M. and Zuleta, M.C. and Swayzer, L. and Schwartz, B.M. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Development and application of genomic tools for warm-season grasses}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }
 @misc{rios_rucker_dubeux jr._saha_schneider-canny_castillo_milla-lewis_anderson_schwartz_inosroza_et al._2017, title={Genotype by environment interaction in Cynodon germplasm for biomass yield across the southeastern USA}, author={Rios, E.F. and Rucker, A.M. and Dubeux Jr., J.C.B. and Saha, M.C. and Schneider-Canny, R. and Castillo, M.S. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Anderson, W.F. and Schwartz, B.M. and Inosroza, L. and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{yu_pruitt_milla-lewis_2017, title={Genoytpe-by-Sequencing in Zoysiagrass and St. Augustinegrass}, author={Yu, X. and Pruitt, M.H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R}, year={2017}, month={May} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Making the Grass Greener in North Carolina}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R}, year={2017}, month={May} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={Mejoramiento Vegetal en N. C. State University}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Sep} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_miller_2017, title={Pastos Ornamentales: Usos, beneficios y ventajas}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Miller, G.L.}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{pruitt_bernstein_lu_dacosta_tuong_arellano_livingston_milla-lewis_2017, place={Tampa, FL}, title={Proteomic analysis of cold acclimation in zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Pruitt, H.M. and Bernstein, R. and Lu, J. and DaCosta, M. and Tuong, T. and Arellano, C. and Livingston, D.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @article{chandra_fry_genovesi_meeks_engelke_zhang_okeyo_moss_ervin_xiong_et al._2017, title={Registration of 'KSUZ 0802' Zoysiagrass}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1940-3496"]}, DOI={10.3198/jpr2016.03.0010crc}, abstractNote={KSUZ 0802 (Reg. No. CV‐282, PI 678793) is a fine‐textured, cold‐tolerant zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) hybrid co‐developed and jointly released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Dallas, TX, and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. KSUZ 0802 is an F1 interspecific hybrid developed in 2001 from a cross between Zoysia matrella (L). Merr. ‘Cavalier’ and an ecotype of Z. japonica Steud. named Anderson 1, a derivative of ‘Chinese Common’. After years of testing (2004 –2008) for turf quality and winter survival at Manhattan, KS, KSUZ 0802 was advanced to a nine location test (2009 –2012) in the transition zone (Wichita and Manhattan, KS, Columbia, MO, Fletcher and Jackson Springs, NC, Stillwater, OK, Knoxville, TN, Virginia Beach and Blacksburg, VA, and Dallas, TX. The freezing tolerance, spring green‐up, and fall color retention of KSUZ 0802 is equivalent to ‘Meyer’, but KSUZ 0802 has a finer leaf texture. KSUZ 0802 is also superior to Meyer for turf quality and resistance to bluegrass billbug damage. KSUZ 0802 is well suited for use on golf course fairways and tees, home lawns, and other recreational areas in the transition zone.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS}, publisher={American Society of Agronomy}, author={Chandra, A. and Fry, J. D. and Genovesi, A. D. and Meeks, M. and Engelke, M. C. and Zhang, Q. and Okeyo, D. and Moss, J. Q. and Ervin, E. and Xiong, Xi and et al.}, year={2017}, month={May}, pages={100–106} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2017, title={S.R. Breeder’s Report Winter 2017}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{moore_reynolds_wu_schwartz_kenworthy_milla-lewis_2017, title={SSR allelic diversity of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) cultivars released from 1936 to 2016}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.06.0452}, abstractNote={Selection during varietal improvement has been shown to reduce genetic diversity in several different crop species. A reduction in genetic diversity can be detrimental to future breeding efforts and increase susceptibility to biotic stresses. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in levels of allelic diversity at the gene and population levels in 40 zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp. Willd.) cultivars released between 1910 and 2016 using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fifty‐six SSR primer pairs were used to determine whether allelic diversity has changed among cultivars released over a century of modern plant breeding. While no significant differences were observed for total numbers of alleles or genetic similarity values between the initial and most recent time periods, our results demonstrate that genetic diversity among zoysiagrass cultivars has fluctuated over time. Allelic diversity declined during the 1990s and then recovered during 2000s. STRUCTURE analysis revealed five subpopulations with varying levels of admixture and that, for the most part, good representation of these subpopulations has been maintained over the different decades of release. These findings illustrate that plant breeding has not resulted in a substantial decline in zoysiagrass genetic diversity, but also that the potential exists for increasing diversity through future germplasm collections and the inclusion of less‐used Zoysia species to create new combinations of alleles.}, journal={Crop Science}, author={Moore, K.A. and Reynolds, W.C. and Wu, Y. and Schwartz, B.M. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @article{dunne_miller_arellano_brandenburg_schoeman_milla-lewis_2017, title={Shade response of bermudagrass accessions under different management practices}, volume={26}, ISSN={1618-8667}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.02.011}, DOI={10.1016/j.ufug.2017.02.011}, abstractNote={The development of cultivars ‘TifGrand’ and ‘Celebration’ has shown potential increases in shade tolerance compared to previous industry standards of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.). Based on the literature, further improvements in shade tolerance can be attained through changes in nitrogen fertility rates, mowing heights, and the application of plant growth regulators. In this study, two South African hybrid (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy) bermudagrass accessions (‘WIN10F’ and ‘STIL03’) and three standard cultivars (Celebration, Tifgrand, and ‘Tifway’) were compared for their ability to persist under 63% shade, two mowing heights, two trinexapac-ethyl (TE) treatments, and two nitrogen fertility rates. The experimental design was a strip-strip-split plot and digital image analysis was used to measure percent turfgrass cover, percent turfgrass spread after cup-cutter removal, and percent turfgrass re-growth after divot formation. Turf quality was measured using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Differences among genotypes, TE treatments, and mowing heights were observed across all response variables in 2014 and 2015. Differences in fertility treatments were observed in NDVI, percent turfgrass growth, and percent turfgrass recovery within and across years. Significant differences were observed for the interactions between entry by plant growth regulator (PGR) treatments, entry by mowing height, and mowing height by PGR. These results suggest shade management recommendations should be dependent on genotype and site-specific considerations. The development and implementation of specific management plans for certain bermudagrass varieties will contribute to the more widespread use of Cynodon spp. in shaded environments.}, journal={Urban Forestry & Urban Greening}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Dunne, Jeffrey C. and Miller, Grady L. and Arellano, Consuelo and Brandenburg, Rick L. and Schoeman, A. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R.}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={169–177} }
 @article{milla-lewis_youngs_arrellano_cardoza_2017, title={Tolerance in St. Augustinegrass Germplasm against Blissus insularis Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae)}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.05.0361}, abstractNote={St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is a widely used lawn grass in the southern United States due to its stoloniferous growth habit and shade tolerance. However, St. Augustinegrass is prone to thatch accumulation, which is conducive to pest problems, with the southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber, SCB) being the most economically important one. Previous work to identify additional sources of SCB resistance reported genotypes with comparatively high numbers of recovered insects but low damage ratings. This study was conducted (i) to evaluate the performance of these materials in response to varying SCB feeding densities, and (ii) to determine feeding and oviposition under no‐choice scenarios. Genotypes exposed to 0, 10, or 30 adult SCBs were evaluated after 4 wk for damage and insect survival. Significant differences were observed among genotypes. Across infestation levels, while recovered insect numbers for susceptible check ‘Seville’ and plant introductions 509038 and 509039 were not significantly different, damage ratings were significantly lower for the latter, indicating that these materials were tolerant to SCB feeding. In the no‐choice experiments, survival levels of both males and females on week 4 were significantly lower for resistant check ‘Fx10’, PI 365031, and PI 289729. These genotypes, along with PIs 291594, 300129, and 647924, showed significantly lower SCB oviposition and feeding compared with Seville. Our study was able to confirm that two PIs display tolerance to SCB feeding, and five additional PIs have antibiosis activity against adult SCB (likely antibiosis), representing sources of SCB resistance for future St. Augustinegrass breeding efforts.}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Youngs, Katharine M. and Arrellano, Consuelo and Cardoza, Yasmin J.}, year={2017}, pages={S26–S36} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2016, title={Breeding improved turfgrasses for North Carolina and the transition zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2016, title={Breeding turfgrasses for stress tolerance and pest resistance in the transition zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kimball_isleib_reynolds_zuleta_milla-lewis_2016, title={Combining ability for winter survival and turf quality traits in st. augustinegrass}, volume={51}, number={7}, journal={HortScience}, author={Kimball, J. A. and Isleib, T. G. and Reynolds, W. C. and Zuleta, M. C. and Milla-Lewis, S. R.}, year={2016}, pages={810–815} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2016, title={Development and application of genomic tools for warm-season grasses}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Dec} }
 @misc{dunne_tuong_livingston_milla-lewis_2016, title={Field and laboratory evaluation of African bermudagrass germplasm for freezing tolerance}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Tuong, T.D. and Livingston, D.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{moore_gannon_castillo_ranney_touchell_milla-lewis_2016, title={Greenhouse evaluation of Miscanthus and Arundo accessions for nutrient uptake ability}, author={Moore, K.A. and Gannon, T.G. and Castillo, M.S. and Ranney, T.G. and Touchell, D.H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{zuleta_gomez_arellano_flor_harmon_kenworthy_milla-lewis_2016, place={Algarve, Portugal}, title={Identification of zoysiagrass genotypes with resistance to large patch under controlled environmental conditions}, booktitle={Journal of European Turfgrass Society, Proceedings of 5th ETS Conference}, author={Zuleta, M.C. and Gomez, S.P. and Arellano, C. and Flor, N. and Harmon, P.F. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Jun}, pages={157–158} }
 @inproceedings{yu_dunne_pruitt_milla-lewis_2016, place={Phoenix, AZ}, title={Optimization of SNP identification by genotype by sequencing (GBS) in polyploid zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg}, author={Yu, X. and Dunne, J.C. and Pruitt, M.H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{pruitt_milla-lewis_livingston_tuong_arellano_2016, place={Phoenix, AZ}, title={Proteomics of cold acclimation in zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Pruitt, M.H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Livingston, D.P. and Tuong, T.D. and Arellano, C.}, year={2016}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{pruitt_milla-lewis_schwartz_patton_c_2016, place={Phoenix, AZ}, title={Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of freezing tolerance in zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Pruitt, M.H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Schwartz, B.M. and Patton, A.J. and C, Arellano}, year={2016}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{pruitt_dunne_schwartz_patton_c._milla-lewis_2016, title={Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of winter survival in zoysiagrass}, author={Pruitt, M.H. and Dunne, J.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Patton, A.J. and C., Arellano and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{chandra_fry_genovesi_meeks_engelke_zhang_okeyo_moss_ervin_xiong_et al._2016, place={Phoenix, AZ}, title={Release of KSUZ0802 zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Chandra, A. and Fry, J.D. and Genovesi, A.D. and Meeks, M. and Engelke, M.C. and Zhang, Q. and Okeyo, D. and Moss, J.Q. and Ervin, E.H. and Xiong, X. and et al.}, year={2016}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_pruitt_dunne_zuleta_schwartz_patton_arellano_2016, place={Algarve, Portugal}, title={Use of genotype by sequencing to develop a high density SNP-based linkage map in zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proceedings of 5th ETS Conference}, publisher={Journal of European Turfgrass Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Pruitt, H.M. and Dunne, J.C. and Zuleta, M.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Patton, A.J. and Arellano, C.}, year={2016}, month={Jun}, pages={19–20} }
 @inproceedings{dunne_reynolds_arellano_miller_milla-lewis_2016, place={Algarve, Portugal}, title={Varying management practices for the improvement of bermudagrass accessions under low light conditions}, booktitle={Proceedings of 5th ETS Conference}, publisher={Journal of European Turfgrass Society}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Reynolds, W.C. and Arellano, C. and Miller, G.L. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2016}, month={Jun}, pages={27–28} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2015, title={Breeding for cold tolerance in NC.}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2015}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_copeland_hollowell_pattee_milla-lewis_shew_2015, title={Comparison of Bailey virginia-type cultivar with high-oleic backcross derivatives}, volume={47}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Copeland, S.C. and Hollowell, J.E. and Pattee, H.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Shew, B.B.}, year={2015}, pages={106} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_dunne_2015, title={Developing improved bermudagrass cultivars for the transition zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Dunne, J.C.}, year={2015}, month={Mar} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2015, title={Developing improved turfgrass cultivars for the transition zone}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2015}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_carbajal_zuleta_schwartz_chavarro_ballen-taborda_2015, title={Development of colchicine-induced tetraploid St. Augustinegrass}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Carbajal, E.M. and Zuleta, M.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Chavarro, C. and Ballen-Taborda, A.C.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @article{patel_milla-lewis_zhang_templeton_reynolds_richardson_biswas_zuleta_dewey_qu_et al._2015, title={Drought tolerance in both pasture and turf types of perennial ryegrass by overexpressing its ubiquitin-like modifier LpHUB1 gene}, volume={13}, number={5}, journal={Plant Biotechnology Journal}, author={Patel, M. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zhang, W.J. and Templeton, K. and Reynolds, W.C. and Richardson, K. and Biswas, M. and Zuleta, M.C. and Dewey, R.E. and Qu, R. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={689–699} }
 @misc{muñoz_kenworthy_chandra_wu_martin_schwartz_raymer_milla-lewis_2015, title={Effect of drought on genotype-by-environment interaction on warm-season turfgrasses}, author={Muñoz, P. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Chandra, A. and Wu, Y.Q. and Martin, D.L. and Schwartz, B.M. and Raymer, P.L. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{kimball_milla-lewis_tuong_livingston_arellano_2015, title={Freeze tests in St. Augustinegrass : evaluation of acclimation effects}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Tuong, T.D. and Livingston, D.P. and Arellano, C.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{kimball_milla-lewis_zuleta_mulkey_arellano_tuong_livingston_2015, title={Genetic components associated with cold tolerance and turf quality-related traits in St. Augustinegrass}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Mulkey, S.E. and Arellano, C. and Tuong, T.D. and Livingston, D.P.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{hancock_isleib_copeland_hollowell_milla-lewis_shew_2015, title={Genetic gain in reduction of four peanut diseases in the North Carolina State University peanut breeding program}, volume={47}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Hancock, W.G. and Isleib, T.G. and Copeland, S.C. and Hollowell, J.W. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Shew, B.B.}, year={2015}, pages={103} }
 @article{dunne_reynolds_miller_arellano_brandenburg_schoeman_yelyerton_milla-lewis_2015, title={Identification of South African bermudagrass germplasm with shade tolerance}, volume={50}, number={10}, journal={HortScience}, author={Dunne, J. C. and Reynolds, W. C. and Miller, G. L. and Arellano, C. and Brandenburg, R. L. and Schoeman, A. and Yelyerton, F. H. and Milla-Lewis, S. R.}, year={2015}, pages={1419–1425} }
 @misc{dunne_khanal_milla-lewis_schwartz_hanna_paterson_2015, title={Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flowering and seed-head characteristics in a hybrid bermudagrass population}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Khanal, S. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Schwartz, B.M. and Hanna, W.W. and Paterson, A.H.}, year={2015}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{martin_miller_chandra_unruh_moss_milla-lewis_waltz_reynolds_schwartz_kenworthy_et al._2015, place={Mtg., Minneapolis, MN}, title={Outreach education achievements from a 2011-2015 project focused on improving drought and salinity tolerance in warm-season turfgrasses}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann}, author={Martin, D.L. and Miller, G.L. and Chandra, A. and Unruh, J.B. and Moss, J.Q. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Waltz, F.C. and Reynolds, W.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Kenworthy, K.E. and et al.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @article{patel_milla-lewis_zhang_templeton_reynolds_richardson_biswas_zuleta_dewey_qu_et al._2015, title={Overexpression of ubiquitin-like LpHUB1 gene confers drought tolerance in perennial ryegrass}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1467-7652"]}, DOI={10.1111/pbi.12291}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={5}, journal={PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, author={Patel, Minesh and Milla-Lewis, Susana and Zhang, Wanjun and Templeton, Kerry and Reynolds, William C. and Richardson, Kim and Biswas, Margaret and Zuleta, Maria C. and Dewey, Ralph E. and Qu, Rongda and et al.}, year={2015}, month={Jun}, pages={689–699} }
 @inproceedings{pruitt_schwartz_patton_arellano_milla-lewis_2015, place={Minneapolis, MN}, title={Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of freezing tolerance in zoysiagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Pruitt, H.M. and Schwartz, B.M. and Patton, A.J. and Arellano, C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{dunne_khanal_schwartz_milla-lewis_paterson_2015, place={Minneapolis, MN}, title={Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed head characteristics in bermudagrass}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Khanal, S. and Schwartz, B.M. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Paterson, A.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @article{chandra_genovesi_wherley_metz_reinert_wu_skulkaew_engelke_hargey_nelson_et al._2015, title={Registration of DALSA 0605 St. Augustinegrass}, volume={9}, DOI={10.3198/jpr2014.05.0036crc}, abstractNote={‘DALSA 0605’ (Reg. No. CV-274, PI 671959) is an embryo rescue-derived interploid hybrid of St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] resulting from a cross between TAES 5382 (African triploid PI 291594) and ‘Palmetto’ (diploid). DALSA 0605 was evaluated under the designation TAES 5471-18 and TXSA 19 and was approved for release as a new cultivar by Texas A&M AgriLife in 2014. DALSA 0605 is a vegetatively propagated, genetically stable, and uniform cultivar. It is distinguished from other cultivars of St. Augustinegrass for traits and characteristics that include (i) tolerance to gray leaf spot disease (caused by Magnaporthe grisea Couch), (ii) significantly reduced levels of fecundity and juvenile development of southern chinch bugs (Blissus insularis Barber) as compared to ‘Raleigh’ and ‘Texas Common’, and (iii) superior drought resistance conferred through a combination of tolerance to drying soil, deep rooting potential, and rapid recovery following drought. In addition, DALSA 0605 exhibited percentage rates of establishment and turfgrass quality ratings (normal and drought-stress conditions) comparable to commercial checks in multilocation (seven) and multiyear (two) field evaluations. DALSA 0605 is well suited for use on residential and commercial lawns, as well as other recreational sites, throughout the southern and southeastern United States.}, number={1}, journal={J. Plant Reg.}, publisher={American Society of Agronomy}, author={Chandra, A. and Genovesi, A.D. and Wherley, B.G. and Metz, S.P. and Reinert, J.A. and Wu, Y.Z. and Skulkaew, P. and Engelke, M.C. and Hargey, D. and Nelson, L.R. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={27–34} }
 @article{isleib_milla-lewis_pattee_copeland_zuleta_shew_hollowell_sanders_dean_hendrix_et al._2015, title={Registration of ‘Sugg’ peanut}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1940-3496"]}, DOI={10.3198/jpr2013.09.0059crc}, abstractNote={‘Sugg’ (Reg. No. CV-125, PI 666112) is a large-seeded virginia-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar with partial resistance to four diseases that occur commonly in the Virginia–Carolina production area: early leafspot caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori, Cylindrocladium black rot caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, Wingfield & Alfenas, Sclerotinia blight caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger, and tomato spotted wilt caused by the Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. Sugg was developed as part of a program of selection for multiple disease resistance funded by growers, seed dealers, shellers, and processors. Sugg was tested under the experimental designation N03091T and released by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (NCARS) in 2009. Sugg was tested by the NCARS, the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, and five other state agricultural experiment stations and the USDA–ARS units participating in the Uniform Peanut Performance Tests. Sugg has alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit, medium green foliage, and high contents of fancy pods and medium virginia-type seeds. It has seeds with pink testa averaging 957 mg seed−1, approximately 40% jumbo and 46% fancy pods, and extra-large kernel content of ∼47%. Sugg is named in honor of Norfleet “Fleet” Sugg and the late Joseph “Joe” Sugg, cousins who served consecutively as executive directors of the North Carolina Peanut Growers Association from 1966 through 1993.}, number={1}, journal={J. Plant Reg.}, publisher={American Society of Agronomy}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Pattee, H.E. and Copeland, S.C. and Zuleta, M.C. and Shew, B.B. and Hollowell, J.E. and Sanders, T.H. and Dean, L.O. and Hendrix, K.W. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={44–52} }
 @inproceedings{copeland_isleib_pattee_milla-lewis_hollowell_hancock_shew_sanders_dean_hendrix_et al._2015, title={Release of ‘Emery’ high-oleic large-seeded virginia-type peanut}, volume={47}, booktitle={Proc. Am. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc.}, author={Copeland, S.C. and Isleib, T.G. and Pattee, H.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Hollowell, J.E. and Hancock, W.G. and Shew, B.B. and Sanders, T.H. and Dean, L.O. and Hendrix, K.W. and et al.}, year={2015}, pages={107} }
 @misc{dunne_arellano_miller_milla-lewis_2015, title={Shade Response of Bermudagrass accessions under varying management practices}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Arellano, C. and Miller, G.L. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{dunne_milla-lewis_arellano_2014, title={Beyond ANOVA... exploratory statistical analysis for a germplasm evaluation under shade}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Arellano, C.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2014, title={Breeding for combined shade and cold tolerance in bermudagrass}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2014, title={Breeding turfgrasses for pest and stress resistance}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, month={Jan} }
 @article{harris-shultz_milla-lewis_patton_kenworthy_chandra_waltz_hodnett_stelly_2014, title={Detection of DNA and ploidy variation within vegetatively propagated zoysiagrass cultivars}, volume={139}, number={5}, journal={Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science}, author={Harris-Shultz, K. R. and Milla-Lewis, S. and Patton, A. J. and Kenworthy, K. and Chandra, A. and Waltz, F. C. and Hodnett, G. L. and Stelly, D. M.}, year={2014}, pages={547–552} }
 @article{mulkey_zuleta_keebler_schaff_milla-lewis_2014, title={Development and characterization of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze)}, volume={54}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2013.04.0246}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Keebler, J.E. and Schaff, J.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, pages={401–412} }
 @misc{kimball_tuong_livingston_milla-lewis_2014, title={Development of screening methodologies for cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in St. Augustinegrass}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Tuong, T.D. and Livingston, D.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_dunne_reynolds_2014, place={Long Beach, CA}, title={Evaluation of African bermudagrass (Cynodon trasnvaalensis) germplasm for cold tolerance}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Agronomy International Annual Meeting}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Dunne, J.C. and Reynolds, W.C.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{patel_puthigae_zhang_templeton_reynolds_richardson_biswas_zuleta_milla-lewis_dewey_et al._2014, title={Improvement of genetic transformation of perennial ryegrass and introduction of important agronomic traits}, author={Patel, M. and Puthigae, S. and Zhang, W. and Templeton, K. and Reynolds, C. and Richardson, K. and Biswas, M. and Zuleta, M.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Dewey, R. and et al.}, year={2014}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_mulkey_zuleta_ma_arellano_tredway_2014, title={SSR development and linkage mapping in St. Augustinegrass}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Ma, B. and Arellano, C. and Tredway, L.P.}, year={2014}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{dunne_milla-lewis_2014, title={Shade tolerance evaluation of South African bermudagrass germplasm}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @article{youngs_milla-lewis_brandenburg_cardoza_2014, title={St. Augustinegrass Germplasm Resistant to Blissus insularis (Hemiptera: Blissidae)}, volume={107}, ISSN={["1938-291X"]}, DOI={10.1603/ec14044}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT 
 St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze) is an economically important turfgrass in the southeastern United States. However, this turf species is prone to southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber (Heteroptera: Blissidae) outbreaks. This insect is the most destructive pest of St. Augustinegrass wherever this turfgrass is grown. Host plant resistance has historically been an effective management tool for southern chinch bug. Since 1973, the ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass cultivar effectively controlled southern chinch bug in the southeast. However, southern chinch bug populations from Florida and Texas have now circumvented this resistance, through mechanisms still unknown. Therefore, identifying and deployingnewcultivars with resistance to the southern chinch bug is imperative to combat this pest in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. Currently, the number of cultivars with resistance against southern chinch bug is limited, and their efficacy, climatic adaptability, and aesthetic characters are variable. Hence, the main focus of this study is the identification of alternative sources of resistance to southern chinch bugs in previously uncharacterized St. Augustinegrass plant introductions (PIs) and its closely related, crossbreeding species, Pembagrass (Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (L.) Brongniart). The PIs exhibited a wide range of responses to southern chinch bug feeding, as indicated by damage ratings. Damage ratings for seven PIs grouped with our resistant reference cultivars. Moreover, nine PIs exhibited antibiosis, based on poor development of southern chinch bug neonates, when compared with our susceptible reference cultivars. Altogether our study has produced strong support to indicate these materials are good candidates for future southern chinch bug resistance breeding in St. Augustinegrass.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Youngs, Katharine M. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Brandenburg, Rick L. and Cardoza, Yasmin J.}, year={2014}, month={Aug}, pages={1688–1694} }
 @misc{kimball_tuong_livingston_milla-lewis_2014, title={St. Augustinegrass freezing protocol development for diversity assessments}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Tuong, T.D. and Livingston, D.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @article{youngs_milla-lewis_brandenburg_cardoza_2014, title={St. Augustinegrass germplasm resistant to southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae)}, volume={107}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Economic Entomology}, author={Youngs, K.M. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Brandenburg, R.L. and Cardoza, Y.J.}, year={2014}, pages={1688–1694} }
 @misc{nelson_chandra_wherley_martin_miller_milla-lewis_kenworthy_raymer_schwartz_wu_2014, title={Turf quality and transition of annual and intermediate ryegrass lines in southern USA in 2011-12}, author={Nelson, L. and Chandra, A. and Wherley, B. and Martin, D. and Miller, G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Kenworthy, K. and Raymer, P. and Schwartz, B. and Wu, Y.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @article{schwartz_harris-shultz_contreras_hans_hanna_milla-lewis_2013, title={Creation of artificial triploid and tetraploid centipedegrass using colchicine and breeding}, volume={12}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, author={Schwartz, B.M. and Harris-Shultz, K.R. and Contreras, R.N. and Hans, C.S. and Hanna, W.W. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, pages={327–334} }
 @article{milla-lewis_zuleta_van esbroeck_quesenberry_kenworthy_2013, title={Cytological and Molecular Characterization of Genetic Diversity in Stenotaphrum}, volume={53}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2012.04.0234}, abstractNote={St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is a warm‐season turfgrass broadly distributed across the southern United States. Here, we investigated genetic diversity and ploidy levels in publicly available plant introductions and cultivars of St. Augustinegrass as an aid to more effective use of these materials in breeding programs. Ploidy assignment of genotypes was problematic in some cases because of a lack of agreement between flow cytometry–inferred ploidy level and chromosome counts indicating that DNA content of higher ploidy genotypes was not a simple multiple of the diploid genome. Cytological investigations indicated five different ploidy levels (diploid, triploid, aneuploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid) with chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 2x = 18 to 2n = 6x = 54. Principal coordinate and cluster analyses separated genotypes into distinct groups that were mostly congruent with ploidy levels. Moreover, analysis of molecular variance results based on amplified fragment length polymorphism genotyping indicated that 46% of the total variation could be explained by differences between ploidy levels. A clear positive correlation was observed between ploidy level and number of scored bands, with polyploids showing an increased number of bands. Variation in chromosome number is an important source of genetic variation in S. secundatum, and knowledge of the genetic relationships among accessions of this species can be an important consideration for the proper utilization of this germplasm in applied cultivar development.}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Van Esbroeck, George A. and Quesenberry, Kenneth H. and Kenworthy, Kevin E.}, year={2013}, month={Jan}, pages={296–308} }
 @inproceedings{dunne_reynolds_miller_arellano_brandenburg_schoeman_yelverton_milla-lewis_2013, place={Tampa, FL}, title={Evaluation of South African bermudagrass germplasm for shade tolerance}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Agronomy International Annual Meeting}, author={Dunne, J.C. and Reynolds, W.C. and Miller, G.L. and Arellano, C. and Brandenburg, R. and Schoeman, A. and Yelverton, F. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, month={Nov} }
 @article{milla-lewis_kimball_tuong_claure_livingston_2013, title={Freezing tolerance and the histology of recovering nodes in St Augustinegrass}, volume={12}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Kimball, J.A. and Tuong, T.D. and Claure, T.E. and Livingston, D.P.}, year={2013}, pages={523–530} }
 @article{kimball_zuleta_kenworthy_lehman_harris-shultz_milla-lewis_2013, title={Genetic Relationships in Species and the Identification of Putative Interspecific Hybrids Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers and Inflorescence Traits}, volume={53}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2012.04.0218}, abstractNote={Zoysia Willd. are warm‐season turfgrasses used throughout the southern United States and upward into the transition zone for their superior heat and drought tolerances and their relatively low input requirements. Understanding the population structure present within Zoysia germplasm can assist plant breeders in exploiting available variation. The objectives of this study were to assess simple sequence repeat (SSR) allelic diversity within and among Zoysia spp., evaluate the genetic constitution of putative interspecific hybrids, and determine if Zoysia spp. and hybrids can be differentiated by inflorescence traits. Sixty‐two Zoysia accessions selected as a subset of genotypically and phenotypically diverse genotypes were evaluated with 50 SSR markers and six inflorescence traits. Both an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) phylogram and principal coordinate analysis (PCO) analysis revealed a continuum of genetic variation present within and among the species. The model‐based program STRUCTURE revealed two distinct subpopulations within Z. japonica Steud. as well as a distinct Z. matrella (L.) Merr. subpopulation. Based on SSR analysis, 23 Zoysia accessions evaluated had evidence of admixture. Six inflorescence phenotypes also revealed a continuous range of variation. This study was able to verify the presence of hybrids between Z. japonica and Z. matrella and provided further evidence for the hypothesis that Zoysia spp. are subpopulations or ecotypes within one species and not separate species.}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Kimball, Jennifer A. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Lehman, Virginia G. and Harris-Shultz, Karen R. and Milla-Lewis, Susana}, year={2013}, pages={285} }
 @article{mulkey_zuleta_van esbroeck_lu_kenworthy_milla-lewis_2013, title={Genetic analysis of a St. Augustinegrass germplasm collection using AFLP markers and flow cytometry}, volume={12}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Van Esbroeck, G.A. and Lu, H.J. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, pages={281–291} }
 @misc{harris-shultz_milla-lewis_patton_kenworthy_chandra_waltz_2013, title={Genetic and ploidy variability within six vegetatively propagated zoysiagrass cultivars}, author={Harris-Shultz, K.R. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Patton, A.J. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Chandra, A. and Waltz, F.C.}, year={2013}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{hassell_tallury_isleib_milla-lewis_copeland_shew_2013, title={Historical progress of leaf spot resistance in cultivar releases of NCSU peanut breeding program}, volume={44}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Hassell, L.E. and Tallury, S.P. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Shew, B.B.}, year={2013}, pages={40} }
 @article{chandi_jordan_york_milla-lewis_burton_culpepper_whitaker_2013, title={Interference and control of glyphosate-resistant and –susceptible Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) populations under greenhouse conditions}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1550-2759"]}, DOI={10.1614/ws-d-12-00063.1}, abstractNote={Interference for 40 d after emergence (DAE) of corn, cotton, peanut, and snap bean by four glyphosate-resistant (GR) and four glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth populations from Georgia and North Carolina was compared in the greenhouse. Greater interference from Palmer amaranth, measured as crop height and fresh weight reduction, was noted in cotton and peanut compared with corn or snap bean. Crop height 15 to 40 DAE was reduced similarly by GR and GS populations. Crop fresh weight, however, was reduced 25 and 19% in the presence of GS and GR populations, respectively. Measured as percent reduction in fresh weight, GR and GS populations of Palmer amaranth were controlled similarly by glufosinate, lactofen, paraquat, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST. Atrazine and dicamba controlled GR populations more effectively than GS populations.}, number={2}, journal={Weed Science}, publisher={Weed Science Society}, author={Chandi, A. and Jordan, D.L. and York, A.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Burton, J.D. and Culpepper, A.S. and Whitaker, J.R.}, year={2013}, pages={259–266} }
 @article{quesenberry_kenworthy_crow_harmon_lu_milla-lewis_2013, title={Lance nematode effects on rooting of two St. Augustinegrass cultivars}, volume={12}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, author={Quesenberry, K.H. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Crow, W.T. and Harmon, P.F. and Lu, H.J. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, pages={357–361} }
 @article{kimball_zuleta_kenworthy_lu_milla-lewis_2013, title={Molecular markers enable the identification of contaminants in production fields of ‘Captiva’ St. Augustinegrass}, volume={12}, journal={International Turfgrass Society Research Journal}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lu, H.J. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, pages={267–273} }
 @inproceedings{copeland_isleib_milla-lewis_dong_hollowell_shew_pattee_balota_2013, title={Performance of release candidates in the NCSU peanut breeding program}, volume={44}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc.}, author={Copeland, S.C. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Dong, W.B. and Hollowell, J.E. and Shew, B.B. and Pattee, H.E. and Balota, M.}, year={2013}, pages={16} }
 @inproceedings{mulkey_zuleta_ma_arellano_milla-lewis_2013, place={Tampa, FL}, title={Resistance to gray leaf spot in St. Augustinegrass: Characterization and Mapping}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Ma, B. and Arellano, C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, month={Nov} }
 @article{chandi_jordan_york_burton_milla-lewis_spears_whitaker_wells_2013, title={Response of Herbicide-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Accessions to Drought Stress}, volume={2013}, DOI={10.1155/2013/823913}, abstractNote={Palmer amaranth is a very problematic weed in several crops in the southern USA due to its competitive ability and resistance to herbicides representing different mechanisms of action. Variation in growth and subsequent interference of North Carolina Palmer amaranth accessions has not been examined. A greenhouse experiment determined response of 15 North Carolina Palmer amaranth accessions to drought stress beginning 15 days after seedling emergence (DAE) for a duration of 3, 5, 7, and 9 days. Following exposure to drought, plants were grown under optimal moisture conditions until harvest at 30 DAE. Five accessions each of glyphosate-resistant (GR), acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant (ALSR), and acetolactate synthase inhibitor-susceptible and glyphosate-susceptible (ALSS/GS) were compared. Variation in response to drought stress, based on height and dry weight reduction relative to nonstressed controls, was noted among accessions. Stress for 3 or more days affected height and dry weight. Height and dry weight of GR and ALSR accession groups were reduced less by drought than the ALSS/GS accession group. Results suggest a possible relationship between herbicide resistance and ability of Palmer amaranth to withstand drought stress and thus a possible competitive advantage for resistant accessions under limited moisture availability.}, journal={International Journal of Agronomy}, publisher={Hindawi Publishing Corporation}, author={Chandi, Aman and Jordan, David L. and York, Alan C. and Burton, Jim and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Spears, Jan and Whitaker, Jared R. and Wells, Randy}, year={2013}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{isleib_milla-lewis_dong_copeland_shew_arellano_2013, title={Stability analysis of incidence to tomato spotted wilt in virginia-type peanut cultivars and breeding lines}, volume={40}, DOI={10.3146/ps12-17.1}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={Peanut Science}, publisher={American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Dong, W.B. and Copeland, S.C. and Shew, B.B. and Arellano, C.}, year={2013}, pages={24–30} }
 @inproceedings{dong_isleib_milla-lewis_copeland_2013, title={Stability analysis of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus Incidence in virginia-type peanut cultivars}, volume={44}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Dong, W.B. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Copeland, S.C.}, year={2013}, pages={14–15} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_milla-lewis_w.b._s.c_2013, title={Stability of pod brightness among cultivars and advanced lines in the NCSU peanut breeding program}, volume={44}, url={http://apresinc.com/publications/}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and W.B., Dong and S.C, Copeland}, year={2013}, pages={17} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2013, title={Turfgrass breeding at NCSU: Year 4}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2013}, month={Jan} }
 @article{chandi_milla-lewis_jordan_york_burton_zuleta_whitaker_culpepper_2013, title={Use of AFLP Markers to Assess Genetic Diversity in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Populations from North Carolina and Georgia}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1550-2759"]}, DOI={10.1614/ws-d-12-00053.1}, abstractNote={Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth is a serious problem in southern cropping systems. Much phenotypic variation is observed in Palmer amaranth populations with respect to plant growth and development and susceptibility to herbicides. This may be related to levels of genetic diversity existing in populations. Knowledge of genetic diversity in populations of Palmer amaranth may be useful in understanding distribution and development of herbicide resistance. Research was conducted to assess genetic diversity among and within eight Palmer amaranth populations collected from North Carolina and Georgia using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Pair-wise genetic similarity (GS) values were found to be relatively low, averaging 0.34. The highest and the lowest GS between populations were 0.49 and 0.24, respectively, while the highest and the lowest GS within populations were 0.56 and 0.36, respectively. Cluster and principal coordinate (PCO) analyses grouped individuals mostly by population (localized geographic region) irrespective of response to glyphosate or gender of individuals. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results when populations were nested within states revealed significant variation among and within populations within states while variation among states was not significant. Variation among and within populations within state accounted for 19 and 77% of the total variation, respectively, while variation among states accounted for only 3% of the total variation. The within population contribution towards total variation was always higher than among states and among populations within states irrespective of response to glyphosate or gender of individuals. These results are significant in terms of efficacy of similar management approaches both in terms of chemical and biological control in different areas infested with Palmer amaranth.}, number={1}, journal={WEED SCIENCE}, publisher={Weed Science Society}, author={Chandi, Aman and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Jordan, David L. and York, Alan C. and Burton, James D. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Whitaker, Jared R. and Culpepper, A. Stanley}, year={2013}, pages={136–145} }
 @article{kimball_zuleta_kenworthy_lehman_milla-lewis_2012, title={Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Species using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers}, volume={52}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0252}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Kimball, Jennifer A. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Kenworthy, Kevin E. and Lehman, Virginia G. and Milla-Lewis, Susana}, year={2012}, pages={360} }
 @article{kimball_zuleta_kenworthy_lehman_milla-lewis_2012, title={Assessment of genetic diversity in Zoysiagrass germplasm using AFLP markers}, volume={52}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lehman, V.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2012}, pages={383–392} }
 @article{kimball_zuleta_martin_kenworthy_chandra_milla-lewis_2012, title={Assessment of molecular variation within 'Raleigh' St. Augustinegrass using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers}, volume={47}, DOI={10.21273/hortsci.47.7.839}, abstractNote={St. augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is a popular turfgrass in the southern United States as a result of its superior shade tolerance and relatively low input requirements. However, it is the least cold-tolerant of commonly used warm-season turfgrass species. ‘Raleigh’, released in 1980, has superior cold tolerance and is adapted and widely used in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 8 to 9. More than 25 years after its release, ‘Raleigh’ is still the industry’s standard in terms of cold tolerance. However, the original foundation and breeder stock fields of the cultivar have been lost, placing the integrity of the cultivar at risk. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether current ‘Raleigh’ production fields across the southern United States are true to the original source. In this study, 15 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations were used to assess levels of genetic variability among three original stocks of ‘Raleigh’ and 46 samples obtained from sod farms and universities in six states. Genetic similarities among the original stocks were Sij = 1, whereas similarities between this group and all other samples ranged from 0.24 to 1.0. Results based on cluster analysis, principal coordinate analysis, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed separation between original stocks of ‘Raleigh’ and some commercial samples. Results from this study offer further evidence that molecular markers provide a useful and powerful technique for identity preservation of clonally propagated cultivars and the detection of genetic variants in sod production fields and turfgrass breeding programs.}, number={7}, journal={HortScience}, publisher={American Society for Horticultural Science}, author={Kimball, J. A. and Zuleta, M. C. and Martin, M. C. and Kenworthy, K. E. and Chandra, A. and Milla-Lewis, S. R.}, year={2012}, pages={839–844} }
 @article{harris-shultz_milla-lewis_zuleta_schwartz_hanna_brady_2012, title={Development of SSR markers and the analysis of genetic diversity and ploidy level in a centipedegrass collection}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0151}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Harris-Shultz, K.R. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Hanna, W.W. and Brady, J.A.}, year={2012}, pages={360–370} }
 @misc{kenworthy_unruh_chandra_nelson_schwartz_raymer_miller_milla-lewis_wu_martin_et al._2012, title={Genotype by environment interaction in zoysiagrass}, author={Kenworthy, K.E. and Unruh, J.B. and Chandra, A. and Nelson, L. and Schwartz, B.M. and Raymer, P. and Miller, G.L. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Wu, Y.Q. and Martin, D.L. and et al.}, year={2012}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{carbajal_mulkey_ma_zuleta_arellano_milla-lewis_Oct. 17-19, 2012, title={Identificación de resistencia al tizón foliar causado por M. grisea en genotipos diploides de cesped San Agustin [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze]}, author={Carbajal, E.M. and Mulkey, S.E. and Ma, B. and Zuleta, M.C. and Arellano, C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={Oct. 17-19, 2012}, month={Oct. 17-19, 2012} }
 @article{chandi_milla-lewis_giacomini_westra_preston_jordan_york_burton_whitaker_2012, title={Inheritance of Evolved Glyphosate Resistance in a North Carolina Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Biotype}, volume={2012}, ISSN={1687-8159, 1687-8167}, url={http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ija/2012/176108/}, DOI={10.1155/2012/176108}, abstractNote={Inheritance of glyphosate resistance in a Palmer amaranth biotype from North Carolina was studied. Glyphosate rates for 50% survival of glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotypes were 1288 and 58 g ha−1, respectively. These values for F1 progenies obtained from reciprocal crosses (GR×GSandGS×GRwere 794 and 501 g ha−1, respectively. Dose response of F1 progenies indicated that resistance was not fully dominant over susceptibility. Lack of significant differences between dose responses for reciprocal F1 families suggested that genetic control of glyphosate resistance was governed by nuclear genome. Analysis of F1 backcross (BC1F1) families showed that 10 and 8 BC1F1 families out of 15 fitted monogenic inheritance at 2000 and 3000 g ha−1glyphosate, respectively. These results indicate that inheritance of glyphosate resistance in this biotype is incompletely dominant, nuclear inherited, and might not be consistent with a single gene mechanism of inheritance. Relative 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) copy number varied from 22 to 63 across 10 individuals from resistant biotype. This suggested that variableEPSPScopy number in the parents might be influential in determining if inheritance of glyphosate resistance is monogenic or polygenic in this biotype.}, journal={International Journal of Agronomy}, publisher={Hindawi Publishing Corporation}, author={Chandi, Aman and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Giacomini, Darci and Westra, Philip and Preston, Christopher and Jordan, David L. and York, Alan C. and Burton, James D. and Whitaker, Jared R.}, year={2012}, pages={1–7} }
 @article{chandi_jordan_york_milla-lewis_burton_culpepper_whitaker_2012, title={Interference of Selected Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Biotypes in Soybean (Glycine max)}, volume={2012}, ISSN={1687-8159, 1687-8167}, url={http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ija/2012/168267/}, DOI={10.1155/2012/168267}, abstractNote={Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeriS. Wats.) has become difficult to control in row crops due to selection for biotypes that are no longer controlled by acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides and/or glyphosate. Early season interference in soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] for 40 days after emergence by three glyphosate-resistant (GR) and three glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth biotypes from Georgia and North Carolina was compared in the greenhouse. A field experiment over 2 years compared season-long interference of these biotypes in soybean. The six Palmer amaranth biotypes reduced soybean height similarly in the greenhouse but did not affect soybean height in the field. Reduction in soybean fresh weight and dry weight in the greenhouse; and soybean yield in the field varied by Palmer amaranth biotypes. Soybean yield was reduced 21% by Palmer amaranth at the established field density of 0.37 plant m−2. When Palmer amaranth biotypes were grouped by response to glyphosate, the GS group reduced fresh weight, dry weight, and yield of soybean more than the GR group. The results indicate a possible small competitive disadvantage associated with glyphosate resistance, but observed differences among biotypes might also be associated with characteristics within and among biotypes other than glyphosate resistance.}, journal={International Journal of Agronomy}, publisher={Hindawi Publishing Corporation}, author={Chandi, Aman and Jordan, David L. and York, Alan C. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Burton, James D. and Culpepper, A. Stanley and Whitaker, Jared R.}, year={2012}, pages={1–7} }
 @misc{mulkey_zuleta_ma_tredway_milla-lewis_2012, title={Mapping gray leafspot resistance genes in St. Augustinegrass}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Ma, B. and Tredway, L.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2012}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{kimball_zuleta_harris-shultz_kenworthy_lehman_milla-lewis_2012, place={Cincinnati, OH}, title={Patterns of genetic variation suggest introgression between Zoysia species based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and inflorescence traits}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Harris-Shultz, K.R. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lehman, V.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2012}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_zuleta_ma_kenworthy_tredway_2012, place={Cincinnati, OH}, title={Phytotron evaluation of zoysiagrass germplasm for large patch resistance}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Soc. Agron. Intl. Ann. Mtg.}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Ma, B. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Tredway, L.P.}, year={2012}, month={Oct} }
 @article{harris-shultz_milla-lewis_brady_2012, title={Transferability of SSR and RGA Markers Developed in Cynodon spp. to Zoysia spp.}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1572-9818"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11105-012-0417-7}, number={5}, journal={PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER}, publisher={Springer Science \mathplus Business Media}, author={Harris-Shultz, Karen R. and Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Brady, Jeff A.}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={1264–1269} }
 @article{milla-lewis_harris-shultz_zuleta_kimball_schwartz_hanna_2012, title={Use of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers for comparing levels of genetic diversity in centipedegrass germplasm}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1573-5109"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10722-011-9780-8}, number={7}, journal={Genetic Resources and Crop Evaluation}, publisher={Springer Science \mathplus Business Media}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Harris-Shultz, K.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kimball, J.A. and Schwartz, B.M. and Hanna, W.W.}, year={2012}, pages={1517–1526} }
 @misc{kimball_zuleta_milla-lewis_2011, title={Characterization of warm-Season turfgrass germplasm using transferred cereal SSR markers}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{mulkey_zuleta_kenworthy_lu_milla-lewis_2011, title={Development and characterization of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze)}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lu, H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @article{chandi_milla-lewis_zuleta_jordan_burton_york_culpepper_2011, title={Elucidating the inheritance of evolved resistance to glyphosate in populations of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri (S. Wats.)) from North Carolina}, journal={Weed Society of America}, author={Chandi, A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Jordan, D.L. and Burton, J.D. and York, A.C. and Culpepper, S.}, year={2011}, pages={95} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_ma_arellano_zuleta_reynolds_tredway_2011, place={San Antonio, TX}, title={Evaluation of St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze) germplasm for gray leaf spot resistance}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Agronomy International Annual Meeting}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Ma, B. and Arellano, C. and Zuleta, M.C. and Reynolds, W.C. and Tredway, L.P.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{mulkey_zuleta_kenworthy_lu_milla-lewis_2011, place={San Antonio, TX}, title={Genetic analysis of a St. Augustinegrass germplasm collection based on AFLP markers}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Agronomy International Annual Meeting}, author={Mulkey, S.E. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lu, H. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{claure_livingston_tuong_milla-lewis_2011, title={Histological analysis of pre- and post-freezing nodal structure of St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze)}, author={Claure, T.E. and Livingston, D.P. and Tuong, T.D. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{chandi_jordan_york_burton_milla-lewis_spears_whitaker_2011, title={Recovery of selected Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) biotypes from drought stress}, volume={64}, booktitle={Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc.}, author={Chandi, A. and Jordan, D.L. and York, A.C. and Burton, J.D. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Spears, J.F. and Whitaker, J.}, year={2011}, pages={234} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2011, title={Turfgrass breeding at NCSU: the first two years}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Jan} }
 @inproceedings{chandi_milla-lewis_zuleta_jordan_burton_york_culpepper_2011, title={Use of AFLP markers to assess genetic diversity in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri (S. Wats.)) populations from North Carolina and Georgia}, booktitle={Abstracts of the Weed Science Society of America}, author={Chandi, A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Jordan, D.L. and Burton, J.D. and York, A.C. and Culpepper, S.}, year={2011} }
 @misc{kimball_zuleta_martin_kenworthy_chandra_milla-lewis_2011, title={Use of molecular markers for identity preservation in St. Augustinegrass: elucidating the authenticity of ‘Raleigh’ samples from sod farms across the Southeastern United States}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Martin, M. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Chandra, A. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_harris_zuleta_schwartz_hanna_2010, title={Assessing genetic diversity in centipedegrass germplasm with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Harris, K.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Schwartz, B.M. and Hanna, W.W.}, year={2010}, month={Jan} }
 @article{milla-lewis_zuleta_isleib_2010, title={Assessment of Genetic Diversity among U.S. Runner-Type Peanut Cultivars Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0223}, abstractNote={The scientific community has long assumed that plant breeding activities decrease genetic diversity in crop species. To determine the influence of plant breeding on peanut, this study was designed to assess allelic diversity changes among peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars of the runner market type using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. All runner‐type cultivars released to date were included with the exception of ten cultivars released in the 2000s. Thirty‐four SSR primer pairs amplified a total of 154 alleles. The results indicated that (i) at the gene level, allelic diversity has increased significantly through decades of breeding, (ii) at the population level, genetic diversity was at its lowest during the pre‐1980s time period and gradually increased in each subsequent decade, and (iii) most of the observed SSR variation occurred within, rather than among time periods. A principal coordinate analysis (PCO) clearly demonstrated increases in the variation present in each subsequent breeding decade, reaching its maximum in the 2000s. Therefore, it appears that runner‐type peanut breeders have been successful at developing improved peanut cultivars while increasing levels of diversity in the last three decades of breeding. In addition, genetic relationships among cultivars reported in this study might be of use for peanut breeders when selecting parents for establishment of breeding populations.}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Milla-Lewis, Susana R. and Zuleta, M. Carolina and Isleib, T. G.}, year={2010}, pages={2396–2405} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_zuleta_isleib_2010, title={Assessment of genetic diversity changes in U.S. runner-type peanut cultivars released between 1943 and 2009 using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2010}, pages={21} }
 @misc{kimball_zuleta_kenworthy_lehman_milla-lewis_2010, title={Assessment of genetic diversity in zoysiagrass germplasm using AFLP markers}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Lehman, V.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{kimball_zuleta_milla-lewis_2010, title={Characterization and evaluation of warm-season turfgrass germplasm using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) transferred from cereal crops}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010} }
 @inproceedings{pattee_isleib_copeland_milla-lewis_2010, title={Genetic gain for flavor in the North Carolina State University peanut breeding project}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Pattee, H.E. and Isleib, T.G. and Copeland, S.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, pages={90–91} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_copeland_milla-lewis_2010, title={Genetic gain for pod yield in the North Carolina State University peanut breeding project}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Copeland, S.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, pages={79–80} }
 @inproceedings{rowe_vontimitta_isleib_milla-lewis_2010, title={Identification of a QTL associated with reduced post-harvest aflatoxin accumulation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Rowe, C.E. and Vontimitta, V.J. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, pages={85–86} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_zuleta_van esbroeck_quesenberry_kenworthy_2010, title={Molecular and cytological assessment of genetic diversity in Stenotaphrum germplasm}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Van Esbroeck, G.A. and Quesenberry, K.H. and Kenworthy, K.E.}, year={2010}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{villegas chirinos_isleib_knapp_milla-lewis_2010, title={Molecular mapping of QTL for early maturity in peanut}, author={Villegas Chirinos, F. and Isleib, T.G. and Knapp, S.J. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Oct} }
 @article{isleib_milla-lewis_pattee_copeland_zuleta_shew_hollowell_sanders_dean_hendrix_et al._2010, title={Registration of ‘Bailey’ peanut}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1940-3496"]}, DOI={10.3198/jpr2009.12.0742crc}, abstractNote={‘Bailey’ (Reg. No. CV‐111, PI 659502) is a large‐seeded virginia‐type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) with partial resistance to five diseases that occur commonly in the Virginia‐Carolina production area: early leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori), late leaf spot [caused by Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Deighton], Cylindrocladium black rot [caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, M.J. Wingf. & Alfenas], Sclerotinia blight (caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger), and tomato spotted wilt (caused by Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus). It also has partial resistance to southern stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.). Bailey was developed as part of a program of selection for multiple‐disease resistance funded by growers, seedsmen, shellers, and processors. Bailey was tested under the experimental designation N03081T and was released by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (NCARS) in 2008. Bailey was tested by the NCARS, the Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station, and five other state agricultural experiment stations and the USDA‐ARS units participating in the Uniform Peanut Performance Tests. Bailey has an alternate branching pattern, an intermediate runner growth habit, medium green foliage, and high contents of fancy pods and medium virginia‐type seeds. It has approximately 34% jumbo and 46% fancy pods, seeds with tan testas and an average weight of 823 mg seed−1, and an extra large kernel content of approximately 42%. Bailey is named in honor of the late Dr. Jack E. Bailey, formerly the peanut breeding project's collaborating plant pathologist.}, number={1}, journal={J. Plant Reg.}, publisher={American Society of Agronomy}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Pattee, H.E. and Copeland, S.C. and Zuleta, M.C. and Shew, B.B. and Hollowell, J.E. and Sanders, T.H. and Dean, L.O. and Hendrix, K.W. and et al.}, year={2010}, pages={27–39} }
 @inproceedings{chandi_jordan_burton_york_milla-lewis_culpepper_whitaker_2010, title={Relative interference of eight Palmer amaranth populations with peanut and other crops}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc.}, author={Chandi, A. and Jordan, D.L. and Burton, J.D. and York, A.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Culpepper, A.S. and Whitaker, J.}, year={2010}, pages={36–37} }
 @misc{chandi_jordan_burton_york_spears_milla-lewis_culpepper_vencill_whitaker_2010, title={Relative interference of eight populations of Palmer amaranth with selected crops}, author={Chandi, A. and Jordan, D.L. and Burton, J.D. and York, A.C. and Spears, J. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Culpepper, A.S. and Vencill, B. and Whitaker, J.}, year={2010} }
 @inproceedings{copeland_isleib_milla-lewis_shew_hollowell_pattee_sanders_dean_hendrix_balota_et al._2010, title={Release of ‘Sugg’ virginia-type peanut cultivar}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc.}, author={Copeland, S.C. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Shew, B.B. and Hollowell, J.E. and Pattee, H.E. and Sanders, T.H. and Dean, L.L. and Hendrix, K.W. and Balota, M. and et al.}, year={2010}, pages={81} }
 @inproceedings{jones_stalker_tallury_milla-lewis_petrik_knapp_2010, title={Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker variability among Arachis species}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Jones, E. and Stalker, H.T. and Tallury, S.P. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Petrik, D. and Knapp, S.J.}, year={2010}, pages={53} }
 @article{milla-lewis_zuleta_isleib_2010, title={Simple sequence repeat allelic diversity in virginia-type peanut cultivars released from 1943 to 2006}, volume={50}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2009.09.0501}, abstractNote={Studies on genetic diversity in Arachis spp. using microsatellite markers have included few or no commercial cultivars among the genotypes analyzed. The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the utility of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for detecting molecular polymorphism among elite virginia‐type peanut germplasm. Within that context, we had a secondary objective of assessing the impact of decades of plant breeding on allelic diversity levels among virginia‐type peanut cultivars. All U.S. virginia‐type cultivated varieties (except four) released between 1943 and 2006 were genotyped at 39 microsatellite loci. A total of 171 alleles were amplified. Allelic frequencies ranged from 0.02 to 0.97, with an average of 0.27. Although no significant difference was observed for the number of alleles present between the initial and the most recent time periods, our results indicate that levels of diversity present in virginia‐type peanuts have fluctuated significantly since the 1940s and peaked during the 1970s. Our study demonstrates that microsatellite markers may be useful for detecting molecular variation among peanut cultivars. Moreover, this is the first report of using microsatellite markers to describe genetic diversity in a collection of cultivated varieties of peanut.}, number={4}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Milla-Lewis, S. R. and Zuleta, M. C. and Isleib, T. G.}, year={2010}, pages={1348–1356} }
 @misc{kimball_zuleta_milla-lewis_2010, title={Transferring informative cereal SSRs to warm-season turfgrasses for germplasm characterization and evaluation}, author={Kimball, J.A. and Zuleta, M.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2010, title={Turfgrass breeding at NCSU: Year 1.9}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Dec} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2010, title={Turfgrass breeding at NCSU: Year One}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Jan} }
 @inproceedings{zuleta_milla-lewis_2010, place={Vienna, Austria}, title={Use of AFLP markers for assessment of genetic diversity in St. Augustinegrass germplasm}, booktitle={Proceedings of Interanational Conference of Green Plant Breeding Technologies}, author={Zuleta, M.C. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2010}, month={Feb}, pages={28} }
 @inproceedings{villegas chirinos_milla-lewis_isleib_knapp_2010, title={Use of single sequence repeat (SSR) markers for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing early maturity in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)}, volume={42}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Villegas Chirinos, F. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Knapp, S.J.}, year={2010}, pages={53–54} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_lin_zuleta_chandra_kenworthy_martin_2009, title={Assessment of molecular variability within St. Augustinegrass cultivar ‘Raleigh’ using AFLP and SRAP markers}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Lin, X. and Zuleta, M.C. and Chandra, A. and Kenworthy, K.E. and Martin, M.M.}, year={2009}, month={Nov} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_2009, title={Breeding better grasses for North Carolina}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2009}, month={Mar} }
 @article{stalker_weissinger_milla-lewis_holbrook_2009, title={Genomics: An Evolving Science in Peanut}, volume={36}, DOI={10.3146/at07-006.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Peanut Science}, publisher={American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Stalker, H. T. and Weissinger, A. K. and Milla-Lewis, S. and Holbrook, C. C.}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, pages={2–10} }
 @inproceedings{copeland_isleib_milla-lewis_shew_hollowell_pattee_sanders_dean_hendrix_balota_et al._2009, title={Release of ‘Bailey’ virginia-type peanut cultivar}, volume={41}, booktitle={Proc. Amer. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc.}, author={Copeland, S.C. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Shew, B.B. and Hollowell, J.E. and Pattee, H.E. and Sanders, T.H. and Dean, L.L. and Hendrix, K.W. and Balota, M. and et al.}, year={2009}, pages={59–60} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_zuleta_isleib_2009, title={SSR allelic diversity shifts in runner-type peanut breeding}, volume={41}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2009}, pages={40–41} }
 @inproceedings{rowe_milla-lewis_isleib_2008, title={DNA markers for resistance to post-harvest aflatoxin accumulation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)}, volume={40}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Rowe, C.E. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2008}, pages={21–22} }
 @inproceedings{tallury_isleib_hollowell_dong_milla-lewis_holbrook_shew_2008, title={Multiple disease resistance in interspecific-derived hybrid breeding lines}, volume={40}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Tallury, S.P. and Isleib, T.G. and Hollowell, J. and Dong, W. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Holbrook, C.C. and Shew, B.B.}, year={2008}, pages={32–33} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_zuleta_isleib_2008, title={SSR allelic diversity changes in Virginia-type peanut cultivars released from 1943 to 2006}, volume={40}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Zuleta, M.C. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2008}, pages={35–36} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_swift_isleib_tallury_stalker_2007, title={AFLP markers associated with reduced aflatoxin accumulation in interspecific peanut lines}, volume={38}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Swift, J.E. and Isleib, T.G. and Tallury, S.P. and Stalker, H.T.}, year={2007}, pages={57} }
 @article{lewis_milla_kernodle_2007, title={Analysis of an introgressed Nicotiana tomentosa genomic region affecting leaf number and correlated traits in Nicotiana tabacum}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-006-0482-0}, abstractNote={Germplasm from closely related diploid relatives of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) could be of value for continued genetic modification of this species and for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We examined near isogenic tobacco lines and hybrids differing for an introgressed genomic region from N. tomentosa Ruiz and Pavon designated as Many Leaves that exhibits a large influence on leaf number and correlated traits. Within a 'Red Russian' genetic background, the region acted in an additive to partially dominant fashion to delay flowering time, and increase leaf number, plant height, and green leaf yield. Evidence of epistasis was observed as the region affected these traits to varying degrees in diverse near isogenic hybrids. Fifteen amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers of N. tomentosa origin were mapped within a single linkage group of 34.5 cM using a population of 207 BC(1)F(1) individuals segregating for Many Leaves. Composite interval mapping produced 2-LOD confidence intervals for likely QTL positions influencing leaf number (3.1 cM region), plant height (2.9 cM region), and days to flowering (3.3 cM region). These intervals were overlapping. Results demonstrate that genomic regions with large genetic effects can be transferred to tobacco from closely related diploid relatives, and that sufficient recombination within these regions may permit mapping of genes controlling quantitative traits. Materials and results described here may be useful in future research to gain insight on the genetic control of the transition from vegetative to reproductive development in Nicotiana.}, number={5}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, publisher={Springer Science \mathplus Business Media}, author={Lewis, R. S. and Milla, S. R. and Kernodle, S. P.}, year={2007}, month={Mar}, pages={841–854} }
 @inproceedings{tallury_isleib_milla-lewis_hollowell_stalker_2007, title={Comparison of yield, grade and disease resistance of interspecific hybrid derivatives and commercial peanut cultivars in the Virginia-Carolina Area}, volume={38}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Tallury, S.P. and Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Hollowell, J.E. and Stalker, H.T.}, year={2007}, pages={55–56} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_rowe_isleib_2007, place={Atlanta, GA}, title={DNA markers for resistance to post-harvest aflatoxin accumulation in virginia-type peanuts}, booktitle={Proceedings of 2007 Multicrop Aflatoxin/Fumonisin Elimination & Fungal Genomics Workshop}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Rowe, C.E. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2007}, month={Oct}, pages={98} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_milla_copeland_graeber_sanders_hendrix_dean_2007, title={Effect of testing region, region of origin, and their interaction on composition and sensory traits in the Uniform Peanut Performance Test}, volume={38}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Graeber, J.B. and Sanders, T.H. and Hendrix, K.W. and Dean, L.O.}, year={2007}, pages={26} }
 @article{contreras_ranney_milla-lewis_yencho_2007, title={Investigating parentage and hybridity of three azaleodendrons using amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis}, volume={42}, DOI={10.21273/hortsci.42.3.740}, abstractNote={Morphological analysis historically has been used to determine parentage of unknown hybrids. This can be difficult when potential parents have similar appearance, as in the case of three azaleodendron cultivars, Rhododendron L. ‘Fragrans’, ‘Fragrans Affinity’, and ‘Fragrant Affinity’. These cultivars are similar in name and appearance, and all are purported hybrids of R. catawbiense Michx. or R. ponticum L. and R. viscosum (L.) Torr. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was conducted to determine whether the cultivars are synonyms or distinct clones and to elucidate the parental species. The three cultivars, suspected to be hybrids between taxa in subgenera Hymenanthes (Blume) K.Koch (evergreen rhododendrons) and Pentanthera (G.Don) Pojarkova (deciduous azaleas), and related taxa from each subgenus were evaluated using 31 AFLP primer combinations. Genetic similarity, calculated using Jaccard's coefficient, among the hybrids ranged from 53% to 71%, indicating that they are distinct cultivars and not a single clone. Genetic similarity was highest between the hybrids and R. ponticum among the evergreen rhododendrons, and R. viscosum among the deciduous azaleas. A dendrogram generated using the genetic similarity matrix grouped taxa into their respective subgenera, with the three cultivars nested intermediately between subgenera but more closely with subgenus Hymenanthes and particularly R. ponticum, suggesting it is the evergreen rhododendron parent. Furthermore, principle components grouped R. ponticum more closely with the hybrids and there were 18 AFLP fragments unique to R. ponticum and the hybrids. However, no unique AFLP bands were shared exclusively among the hybrids and the purported deciduous azalea parent, R. viscosum, suggesting that the original azalea parents may have been hybrids.}, number={3}, journal={HortScience}, publisher={American Society for Horticultural Science}, author={Contreras, R. N. and Ranney, T. G. and Milla-Lewis, S. R. and Yencho, G. C.}, year={2007}, pages={740–743} }
 @inproceedings{milla-lewis_isleib_2007, title={Utilization of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to assess allelic diversity changes in virginia-type peanut cultivars released from 1943 to 2005}, volume={39}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2007}, pages={40–41} }
 @inproceedings{lewis_milla_kernodle_2006, title={Analysis of an introgressed N. tomentosa QTL affecting leaf number and correlated traits in N. tabacum L}, booktitle={CORESTA Conference Program Abst.}, author={Lewis, R.S. and Milla, S.R. and Kernodle, S.P.}, year={2006}, pages={67} }
 @misc{milla-lewis_isleib_2006, title={Application of molecular technologies to reduce post-harvest aflatoxin accumulation of peanuts}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2006}, month={Mar} }
 @article{milla-lewis_isleib_2006, title={Best linear unbiased prediction of breeding values for tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) incidence in Virginia-type peanuts}, volume={32}, number={1}, journal={Peanut Science}, author={Milla-Lewis, S.R. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2006}, pages={57–67} }
 @misc{isleib_milla-lewis_2006, title={Breeding for early maturing runner- and virginia-type peanuts}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla-Lewis, S.R.}, year={2006}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_milla_copeland_graeber_2006, title={Comparison of agronomic traits and disease reactions between high-oleic backcross-derived lines and their normal-oleic recurrent parents}, volume={37}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Graeber, J.B.}, year={2006}, pages={24} }
 @misc{lewis_milla_kernodle_2006, title={Influence of an introgressed N. tomentosa QTL on leaf number and correlated traits in N. tabacum L.}, author={Lewis, R.S. and Milla, S.R. and Kernodle, S.P.}, year={2006}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_milla_copeland_graeber_2005, title={Comparison of agronomic traits and disease reactions between high-oleic backcross-derived lines and their normal-oleic recurrent parents}, volume={37}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Graeber, J.B.}, year={2005}, pages={24} }
 @article{tallury_hilu_milla_friend_alsaghir_stalker_quandt_2005, title={Genomic affinities in Arachis section Arachis (Fabaceae): molecular and cytogenetic evidence}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-005-0017-0}, abstractNote={Section Arachis is the largest of nine sections in the genus Arachis and includes domesticated peanut, A. hypogaea L. Most species are diploids (x = 10) with two tetraploids and a few aneuploids. Three genome types have been recognized in this section (A, B and D), but the genomes are not well characterized and relationships of several newly described species are uncertain. To clarify genomic relationships in section Arachis, cytogenetic information and molecular data from amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and the trnT-F plastid region were used to provide an additional insight into genome composition and species relationships. Cytogenetic information supports earlier observations on genome types of A. cruziana, A. herzogii, A. kempff-mercadoi and A. kuhlmannii but was inconclusive about the genome composition of A. benensis, A. hoehnei, A. ipaensis, A. palustris, A. praecox and A. williamsii. An AFLP dendrogram resolved species into four major clusters and showed A. hypogaea grouping closely with A. ipaensis and A. williamsii. Sequence data of the trnT-F region provided genome-specific information and showed for the first time that the B and D genomes are more closely related to each other than to the A genome. Integration of information from cytogenetics and biparentally and maternally inherited genomic regions show promise in understanding genome types and relationships in Arachis.}, number={7}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Tallury, SP and Hilu, KW and Milla, SR and Friend, SA and Alsaghir, M and Stalker, HT and Quandt, D}, year={2005}, month={Nov}, pages={1229–1237} }
 @inproceedings{milla_isleib_stalker_tallury_2005, title={Identificación de marcadores moleculares asociados con resistencia al virus del bronceado del tomate (TSWV) en un mapa genético (genetic linkage map) de especies silvestres de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.)}, booktitle={Libro de Resúmenes del IV Encuentro Científico Internacional de Invierno}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Stalker, H.T. and Tallury, S.P.}, year={2005}, pages={10} }
 @article{milla_isleib_tallury_2005, title={Identification of AFLP markers linked to reduced aflatoxin accumulation in A. cardenasii-derived germplasm lines of peanut}, volume={37}, number={90}, journal={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Tallury, S.P.}, year={2005} }
 @misc{milla_isleib_tallury_2005, title={Mejoramiento genético de maní en NCSU: uniendo métodos convencionales y técnicas moleculares}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Tallury, S.P.}, year={2005}, month={Aug} }
 @article{lewis_milla_levin_2005, title={Molecular and genetic characterization of N. glutinosa L. chromosome segments in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-resistant tobacco accessions}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.0121}, abstractNote={Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)‐resistant flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivars have been developed using the N gene derived from N. glutinosa L. Their adoption has been low, however, because of unfavorable linkage drag effects. Strategies to overcome this problem might include pursuit of alternative introgression events and/or use of molecular markers for selection against deleterious alien chromatin. Previous workers demonstrated the presence of a TMV‐resistance mechanism on more than one chromosome of the tobacco genome. The objectives of this research were to determine the relative genomic positions of TMV resistance loci in a set of 12 TMV‐resistant tobacco accessions and to use amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers for characterization of this material with respect to linked alien chromatin. Five accessions were found to carry a TMV resistance gene on chromosome H. Seven accessions were found to carry a resistance factor on an alternative chromosome. Polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the N gene from N. glutinosa is responsible for resistance in all 12 accessions. A set of 168 AFLP markers specific to the N. glutinosa donor chromosome was identified and used to reveal variability among the 12 accessions for the relative amounts of N. glutinosa chromatin linked to the N gene. The relative propensity for crossing over within the alien segment when in different genomic positions was evaluated in BC1F1 families derived from three different accessions. Lines possessing the N gene on chromosome H may be of greater practical value because of relatively smaller introgressed alien segments and increased potential for obtaining crossover events within the segments.}, number={6}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Lewis, R.S. and Milla, S.R. and Levin, J.S.}, year={2005}, pages={2355–2362} }
 @article{milla_levin_lewis_rufty_2005, title={RAPD and SCAR markers linked to an introgressed gene conditioning resistance to Peronospora tabacina D.B. Adam in tobacco}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2004.0754}, abstractNote={Blue mold, caused by the fungal pathogen Peronospora tabacina D.B. Adam, is one of the most important foliar diseases of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Identification of molecular markers linked to genetic factors controlling resistance would facilitate development of resistant cultivars. Bulked segregant analysis was used to screen 1216 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers for their ability to reveal polymorphism between DNA bulks from susceptible doubled haploid (DH) lines and resistant DH lines possessing resistance derived from cultivar Ovens 62. Fifteen RAPD markers were tentatively identified as being linked to a major gene conditioning resistance to blue mold. These 15 markers (12 in coupling phase linkage with resistance and three in repulsion phase) were found to lie within a single linkage group of 36.6 cM and were subsequently tested on 122 DH lines derived from crosses between resistant and susceptible parents. F tests revealed statistically significant associations between resistance and each of the 15 RAPD markers. Interval mapping was used to more accurately place the quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling resistance on the linkage map. The RAPD markers were screened on a set of 45 resistant and susceptible cultivars or breeding lines and four Nicotiana species. At variance with previous reports, marker genotypes indicated that resistance in Ovens 62 and most other blue mold resistant lines likely originated from N. debneyi Domin. Two RAPD markers flanking the most likely QTL position were converted to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. These markers should aid in development of blue mold‐resistant tobacco cultivars worldwide.}, number={6}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Milla, S.R. and Levin, J.S. and Lewis, R.S. and Rufty, R.C.}, year={2005}, pages={2346–2354} }
 @article{milla_isleib_stalker_2005, title={Taxonomic relationships among Arachis sect. Arachis species as revealed by AFLP markers}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1480-3321"]}, DOI={10.1139/g04-089}, abstractNote={ Cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., is a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) species thought to be of allopolyploid origin. Its closest relatives are the diploid (2n = 2x = 20) annual and perennial species included with it in Arachis sect. Arachis. Species in section Arachis represent an important source of novel alleles for improvement of cultivated peanut. A better understanding of the level of speciation and taxonomic relationships between taxa within section Arachis is a prerequisite to the effective use of this secondary gene pool in peanut breeding programs. The AFLP technique was used to determine intra- and interspecific relationships among and within 108 accessions of 26 species of this section. A total of 1328 fragments were generated with 8 primer combinations. From those, 239 bands ranging in size from 65 to 760 bp were scored as binary data. Genetic distances among accessions ranged from 0 to 0.50. Average distances among diploid species (0.30) were much higher than that detected between tetraploid species (0.05). Cluster analysis using different methods and principal component analysis were performed. The resulting grouping of accessions and species supports previous taxonomic classifications and genome designations. Based on genetic distances and cluster analysis, A-genome accessions KG 30029 (Arachis helodes) and KSSc 36009 (Arachis simpsonii) and B-genome accession KGBSPSc 30076 (A. ipaensis) were the most closely related to both Arachis hypogaea and Arachis monticola. This finding suggests their involvement in the evolution of the tetraploid peanut species.Key words: peanut, numerical taxonomy, genome donors, classification. }, number={1}, journal={Genome}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Stalker, H.T.}, year={2005}, pages={1–11} }
 @misc{lewis_milla_levin_wilkinson_2005, title={Tobacco genomic improvement at N.C. State University}, author={Lewis, R.S. and Milla, S.R. and Levin, J.S. and Wilkinson, W.C.}, year={2005}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{contreras_ranney_tallury_milla_2005, title={Using molecular markers to investigate parentage of Azaleodendron hybrids}, volume={50}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 50th Annual Southern Nursing Association Research Conference}, author={Contreras, R.N. and Ranney, T.G. and Tallury, S.P. and Milla, S.R.}, year={2005}, pages={630} }
 @misc{milla_isleib_tallury_2005, title={Uso de marcadores moleculares en el mejoramiento genético de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.)}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Tallury, S.P.}, year={2005}, month={Aug} }
 @misc{milla_isleib_tallury_2005, title={Uso de marcadores moleculares en mejoramiento genético de maní}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Tallury, S.P.}, year={2005}, month={Jul} }
 @inproceedings{isleib_milla_copeland_graeber_2004, title={A program of selection for multiple disease resistance}, volume={36}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Isleib, T.G. and Milla, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Graeber, J.B.}, year={2004}, pages={34} }
 @misc{milla_stalker_tallury_isleib_2004, title={Chromosome regions associated with TSWV resistance in the peanut wild relative Arachis diogoi Hoehne}, author={Milla, S.R. and Stalker, H.T. and Tallury, S.P. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2004}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{milla_tallury_stalker_isleib_2004, title={Identification of molecular markers associated with tomato spotted wilt virus in a genetic linkage map of Arachis kuhlmannii x A. diogoi}, volume={36}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla, S.R. and Tallury, S.P. and Stalker, H.T. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2004}, pages={27} }
 @inproceedings{milla_lewis_2004, title={Molecular and genetic characterization of N. glutinosa chromosome segments in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-resistant tobacco accessions}, author={Milla, S.R. and Lewis, R.S.}, year={2004}, pages={11} }
 @inproceedings{milla_isleib_stalker_2004, title={Utilización de marcadores AFLP para el estudio de diversidad genética del maní y especies relacionadas}, booktitle={Libro de Resúmenes del III Encuentro Científico Internacional de Invierno}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G. and Stalker, H.T.}, year={2004}, pages={16} }
 @inproceedings{milla_tallury_stalker_isleib_2003, title={Arachis genome relationships revealed by AFLP markers}, volume={35}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla, S.R. and Tallury, S.P. and Stalker, H.T. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2003}, pages={85} }
 @inproceedings{tallury_milla_stalker_hilu_2003, title={Genomic characterization of section Arachis species}, volume={35}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Tallury, S.P. and Milla, S.R. and Stalker, H.T. and Hilu, K.W.}, year={2003}, pages={37} }
 @inproceedings{milla_isleib_2002, title={Best linear unbiased prediction of breeding value for tomato spotted wilt virus incidence in virginia-type peanuts}, volume={34}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Milla, S.R. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2002}, pages={37} }
 @misc{milla_tallury_stalker_isleib_2002, title={Taxonomic relationships among peanut wild species as revealed by AFLP markers}, author={Milla, S.R. and Tallury, S.P. and Stalker, H.T. and Isleib, T.G.}, year={2002}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{tallury_milla_copeland_stalker_2001, title={Genome donors of Arachis hypogaea L}, volume={33}, booktitle={Proceedings of the American Peanut Research and Education Society}, author={Tallury, S.P. and Milla, S.R. and Copeland, S.C. and Stalker, H.T.}, year={2001}, pages={60} }
 @misc{milla_rufty_1997, title={Identification of RAPD markers linked to blue mold resistance in tobacco}, author={Milla, S.R. and Rufty, R.C.}, year={1997}, month={Oct} }