@article{azad_pratik_tavakoli_pantic_2023, title={Design of Grid-side Power Management for Bidirectional DWPT Chargers on EV Roadways}, ISSN={["2473-7631"]}, DOI={10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186936}, abstractNote={Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) entails an inherently transient power profiles from the electric grid. These power profiles, ranging from tens to hundreds of kilowatts, could expose the grid to significant stress, potentially affecting grid stability. This operating scenario occurs irrespective of the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) or vehicle-to-grid (V2G) charging infrastructure on EV roadways. In this paper, bidirectional DWPT system is designed which manages the grid-side transients, significantly reducing the grid peak-power transients for both G2V and V2G charging scenarios. Supercapacitor units are employed on the grid side as power-buffering units. This design does not require additional grid-side converters, and facilitates downsizing grid side power electronics and cable ratings.}, journal={2023 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE & EXPO, ITEC}, author={Azad, Ahmed and Pratik, Ujjwal and Tavakoli, Reza and Pantic, Zeljko}, year={2023} }
 @article{azad_tavakoli_pratik_pantic_2023, title={Rapid Prototyping of G2V/V2G DWPT Charge-Control and Grid-side Power Management for EV Applications}, ISSN={["2473-7631"]}, DOI={10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186929}, abstractNote={Development and testing of the impact of different wireless charging systems on Electric Vehicle(EV) infrastructures involves considerable effort as it requires different types of coil structures embedded in roadways, different types of EVs, and also requires a test-track setup. Moreover, it requires high speed real-time data measurement and communication to/from an in-motion EV which makes it involving coordinating and testing new control algorithms for such applications. To address this issue, a bidirectional wireless charging system model is proposed in a hardware-in-loop environment, which enables rapid control prototyping of such systems from a benchtop setup. The proposed system can emulate Grid-to-Vehicle(G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G) charging profiles for stationary and dynamic charging scenarios. As an additional feature, a versatile grid-side power management algorithm is also developed which significantly reduces grid-side power transients resulted from different types of wireless charging profiles.}, journal={2023 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE & EXPO, ITEC}, author={Azad, Ahmed and Tavakoli, Reza and Pratik, Ujjwal and Pantic, Zeljko}, year={2023} }
 @article{tavakoli_dede_chou_pantic_2022, title={Cost-Efficiency Optimization of Ground Assemblies for Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2332-7782"]}, DOI={10.1109/TTE.2021.3105573}, abstractNote={Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) allows electric vehicles (EVs) to be charged while in motion. However, high cost and efficiency concerns limit the widespread adoption of DWPT. A ground assembly (GA) accounts for most of the system cost since it is implemented on a significant portion of the road. This article proposes a cost-efficiency optimization algorithm to determine the optimum design of a DWPT transmitter (Tx) pad. Elongated rectangular pads are considered a compromise between cost and efficiency. An optimization methodology is put forward to maximize Tx pad efficiency while minimizing GA cost over a selected road. The optimum design allows constant power transfer inside a selected rated power zone while considering EV lateral misalignment as a random variable. Main cost factors are accounted for, including the cost of the pad coil Litz wire and ferrite material and Tx power electronics and compensation network. Particle swarm optimization allowed the number of finite element analysis simulations to be reduced by intelligently selecting test designs. Statistical analysis is applied to understand the impact of different variables on the final design and the interdependence between variables. Additional analyses are conducted to evaluate the impact of different DWPT aspects, including the wire gauge, probability density of the misalignment variable, multilayer coil design, and capacitor cost modeling. The algorithm is used to design a 3.7-kVA Tx pad with respect to the SAE J2954 receiver test stand VA WPT1/Z1. The optimization Pareto fronts illustrate the family of optimum designs, while the chosen 3.7-kVA pad offers the statistical expected value of pad efficiency as 96%, GA per meter cost of $\$ $ 1004, and an optimum pad length of 1.75 m. The 3.7-kVA optimized pad is manufactured and tested for several operating conditions verifying the simulation results.}, number={1}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION}, author={Tavakoli, Reza and Dede, Ercan M. and Chou, Chungchih and Pantic, Zeljko}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={734–751} }
 @article{tavakoli_pratik_dede_chou_pantic_2021, title={Minimizing the Rebar Impact on Power Dissipation in Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer Systems}, ISSN={["1048-2334"]}, DOI={10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487149}, abstractNote={Dynamic wireless charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is realized by embedding magnetic transmitter (Tx) pads into concrete roads. However, the surrounding material may affect the performance of the Tx pads. This paper studies the extra power losses caused by the rebar inserted in the reinforced concrete road behind Tx pads. Furthermore, it is investigated and proved that an aluminum shield can reduce losses in the pad - rebar system. By employing 3-D Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the aluminum shield is optimized such that the losses in the rebar, aluminum sheet, and ferrite core are minimized. A 1.75-m long Tx pad is considered when analyzing the performance of the aluminum shield. It is experimentally validated that the aluminum shield can reduce the transmitter side no-load losses by more than 30% in a 3.7-kW system. Finally, using a reference 3.7-kW receiver (Rx) pad, it is demonstrated that the proposed aluminum shield does not impact the mutual inductance between Tx and Rx pads significantly.}, journal={2021 THIRTY-SIXTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC 2021)}, author={Tavakoli, Reza and Pratik, Ujjwal and Dede, Ercan M. and Chou, Chungchih and Pantic, Zeljko}, year={2021}, pages={1599–1603} }
 @article{feng_tavakoli_onar_pantic_2020, title={Advances in High-Power Wireless Charging Systems: Overview and Design Considerations}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2332-7782"]}, DOI={10.1109/TTE.2020.3012543}, abstractNote={Wireless charging systems are foreseen as an effective solution to improve the convenience and safety of conventional conductive chargers. As this technology has matured, recent broad applications of wireless chargers to electrified transportation have indicated a trend toward higher power, power density, modularity, and scalability of designs. In this article, commercial systems and laboratory prototypes are reviewed, focusing mostly on the advances in high-power wireless charging systems. The recent endeavors in magnetic pad designs, compensation networks, power electronics converters, control strategies, and communication protocols are illustrated. Both stationary and dynamic (in-motion) wireless charging systems are discussed, and critical differences in their designs and applications are emphasized. On that basis, the comparisons among different solutions and design considerations are summarized to present the essential elements and technology roadmap that will be necessary to support large-scale deployment of high-power wireless charging systems. The review is concluded with the discussion of several fundamental challenges and prospects of high-power wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. Foreseen challenges include utilization of advanced materials, electric and electromagnetic field measurement and mitigation, customization, communications, power metering, and cybersecurity.}, number={3}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION}, author={Feng, Hao and Tavakoli, Reza and Onar, Omer C. and Pantic, Zeljko}, year={2020}, pages={886–919} }