@article{sitzabee_rasdorf_hummer_devine_2009, title={Data integration of pavement markings: A case in transportation asset management}, volume={23}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2009)23:5(288)}, abstractNote={Effective transportation asset management requires the implementation of tools such as software, hardware, databases, and data collection systems. Pavement markings make up one component in transportation asset management, which are complex networks that require large databases. Typically these databases are maintained in different areas within an agency and are most often incompatible. Combining new and old tools, this paper addresses the need for better data integration and utilization while incorporating current information technologies. Specifically, this paper presents integrated transportation asset management system for estimating the current and future condition of pavement markings. The paper describes the data structure, in the form of a physical model, integrating a pavement marking relational data schema with existing information technology systems. Software was found to be useful in developing the data schema. The software produced an extensible markup language file that is compatible with a variety of existing database structures such as Oracle, SQL, and MS Access. Additionally, the system included an algorithm, which implements the data structure and predictive models to estimate the condition of the asset at any point in time or space on the highway system. Using either measured data or predicted data the system gives managers an opportunity to decide on the best possible condition state of the asset and perform queries or optimizations. Ultimately, managers can develop cost effective strategies for pavement marking asset management.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering}, author={Sitzabee, W. E. and Rasdorf, W. and Hummer, J. E. and Devine, H. A.}, year={2009}, pages={288–298} }
 @article{rasdorf_hummer_harris_sitzabee_2009, title={IT Issues for the management of high-quantity, low-cost assets}, volume={23}, DOI={10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(2009)23:2(91)}, abstractNote={Transportation infrastructure asset management efforts have historically focused on collecting data on assets with high capital costs, such as bridges and pavements. Road signs and pavement markings, on the other hand, are high quantity, low capital cost assets but are also critical elements of the transportation infrastructure. These high quantity assets serve a critical function, safety, and thus they are receiving attention. Mandated by law, the Federal Highway Administration has been working to establish minimum retroreflectivity standards for signs and pavement markings. This paper seeks to address the information technology (IT) problems that emerge when developing an overall asset management system for high-quantity, low-cost assets. These IT problems include asset identification, asset location, data availability, data fragmentation, and automated data collection. A discussion of the issues related to these problems is presented to promote awareness of the myriad problems that do exist and to facilitate the development of more comprehensive systems to manage the automation of infrastructure asset management systems.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering}, author={Rasdorf, W. and Hummer, J. E. and Harris, E. A. and Sitzabee, W. E.}, year={2009}, pages={91–99} }
 @article{sitzabee_hummer_rasdorf_2009, title={Pavement marking degradation modeling and analysis}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2009)15:3(190)}, abstractNote={The objective of this research was to determine the performance characteristics of thermoplastic pavement markings in North Carolina and to create viable degradation models. Additionally, an evaluation of paint pavement-marking materials was conducted and models were created for them as well. The resulting models provide pavement-marking managers with valuable tools that will allow them to focus limited resources where they are most needed and avoid replacing materials with effective life still remaining in them. Consideration was given to the analysis of the relationships between pavement-marking retroreflectivity values and variables such as time, traffic volume, and marking color. Unique to this research is the inclusion of lateral location as a key variable affecting the performance of pavement markings. Another key contribution to pavement-marking management from this research was the development and use of level of service increments for describing the status of a given marking at some point in time. Using the tools reported herein an expected service life for thermoplastic and paint pavement markings in North Carolina can be estimated. A key finding of the research is that the markings have a far greater life expectancy than originally expected. Combining our predictive tool with level of service increments provides a holistic infrastructure management approach to pavement markings.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Infrastructure Systems}, author={Sitzabee, W. E. and Hummer, J. E. and Rasdorf, W.}, year={2009}, pages={190–199} }
 @article{craig_sitzabee_rasdorf_hummer_2007, title={STATISTICAL VALIDATION OF THE EFFECT OF LATERAL LINE LOCATION ON PAVEMENT MARKING RETROREFLECTIVITY DEGRADATION}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1552-7549"]}, DOI={10.1177/1087724x07308773}, abstractNote={ This article examines the effect of lateral location on the degradation of retroreflectivity in thermoplastic pavement-marking systems. The authors examined data collected on North Carolina roads over a 5-year period and conducted a statistical analysis to determine if there was a significant difference in the rates of retroreflectivity degradation between edge lines and center lines. The study concluded that there was statistical evidence that lateral line location does have an effect on retroreflectivity degradation and that center lines degrade faster than edge lines. Understanding retroreflectivity performance over time facilitates the development and implementation of guidelines and tools that can be used for holistic asset management. Based on their findings, the authors recommend changes in pavement-marking maintenance strategies. }, number={2}, journal={PUBLIC WORKS MANAGEMENT & POLICY}, author={Craig, W. Neil, III and Sitzabee, William E. and Rasdorf, William J. and Hummer, Joseph E.}, year={2007}, month={Oct}, pages={431–450} }