Mike H Whangbo

Phase Competition and Strong SHG Responses of the (Li2MMSe4)-M-II-Se-IV Family: Atom Response Theory Predictions versus Experimental Results

Cheng, X., Deng, S., Yao, W.-D., Guo, S.-P., Whangbo, M.-H., & Ding, B. (2023, January 24). CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS.

Orbital projection technique to explore the materials genomes of optical susceptibilities & nbsp;& nbsp;

Orbital projection technique to explore the materials genomes of optical susceptibilities & nbsp;& nbsp;

Absence of Spin Frustration in the Kagome Layers of Cu2+ Ions in Volborthite Cu3V2O7(OH)(2)center dot 2H(2)O and Observation of the Suppression and Re-Entrance of Specific Heat Anomalies in Volborthite under an External Magnetic Field

CONDENSED MATTER, 7(1).

High-Spin Orbital Interactions Across van der Waals Gaps Controlling the Interlayer Ferromagnetism in van der Waals Ferromagnets

Koo, H.-J., Kremer, R. K., & Whangbo, M.-H. (2022, August 31). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY.

Highly anisotropic 1/3-magnetization plateau in a ferrimagnet Cs2Cu3(SeO3)(4)center dot 2H(2)O: topology of magnetic bonding necessary for magnetization plateau

DALTON TRANSACTIONS, 52(1), 118–127.

Magnetic Properties of A(2)Ni(2)TeO(6) (A = K, Li): Zigzag Order in the Honeycomb Layers of Ni2+ Ions Induced by First and Third Nearest-Neighbor Spin Exchanges

MATERIALS, 15(7).

Material research from the viewpoint of functional motifs

[Review of ]. NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW, 9(7).

Microscopic Mechanism of the Heat-Induced Blueshift in Phosphors and a Logarithmic Energy Dependence on the Nearest Dopant-Vacancy Distance

Xu, J., Huang, X., Cheng, X., Whangbo, M.-H., & Deng, S. (2022, February 19). ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION.

Multiple strongly coupled antiferromagnetic spin S=1/2 dimers in liroconite Cu2Al(As,P)O-4(OH)(4)center dot 4H(2)O

Kremer, R. K., Bette, S., Bruecher, E., Nuss, J., Schulz, A., Whangbo, M.-H., & Koo, H.-J. (2022, September 2). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KRISTALLOGRAPHIE-CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS.

Negative Second Harmonic Response of Sn(4+)in the Fresnoite Oxysulfide Ba2SnSSi2O7

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 34(10), 4375–4383.

Observation of a 1/3 magnetization plateau in Pb2Cu10O4(SeO3)(4)Cl-7 arising from (Cu2+)(7) clusters of corner-sharing (Cu2+)(4) tetrahedra

Vasiliev, A. N., Berdonosov, P. S., Kozlyakova, E. S., Maximova, O., Murtazoev, A. F., Dolgikh, V. A., … Whangbo, M.-H. (2022, September 6). DALTON TRANSACTIONS.

Orthogonal antiferromagnetism to canted ferromagnetism in CaCo3Ti4O12 quadruple perovskite driven by underlying kagome lattices

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS, 3(1).

Prediction of Large Second Harmonic Generation in the Metal-Oxide/Organic Hybrid Compound CuMoO3(p2c)

SYMMETRY-BASEL, 14(4).

Preparation and Characterization of Francisite Solid Solutions Cu3Bi(S(e1-x)TexO(3))(2)O2Br (x=0-1): Possibility for Francisites as Starting Materials for Oxide van der Waals Ferromagnets

Markina, M., Vasilchikova, T., Kuznetsova, E., Berdonosov, P., Olenev, A., Chung, S. H., … Vasiliev, A. (2022, December 30). CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS.

Skin-Deep Aspect of Thermopower in Bi(2)Q(3), PbQ, and BiCuQO (Q = Se, Te): Hidden One-Dimensional Character of Their Band Edges Leading to High Thermopower

Lee, C., Park, T., Shim, J. H., & Whangbo, M.-H. (2022, September 21). ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH.

Unusually High Magnetic Moments Reported for the High-Spin Co2+ Ions at Axially Elongated CoO4X2 (X = Cl, Br, S, Se) Octahedral Sites: Overestimated Magnetic Moments Caused by Underestimated Magnetic Form Factors

Whangbo, M.-H., Kremer, R. K., & Koo, H.-J. (2022, September 16). JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C.

Anomaly Negative Resistance Phenomena in Highly Epitaxial PrBa0.7Ca0.3Co2O5+delta Thin Films Induced from Superfast Redox Reactions

CATALYSTS, 11(12).

Atomically dispersed cobalt-based species anchored on polythiophene as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 545.

Difference in magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnetic monolayers VI3 and CrI3

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 103(1).

High partial thermal conductivity of luminescence sites: a crucial factor for reducing the heat-induced lowering of the luminescence efficiency

Luo, N., Xu, J., Cheng, X., Li, Z. H., Huang, Y., Whangbo, M.-H., … Hong, M. (2021, September 16). JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C.

In Honor of John Bannister Goodenough, an Outstanding Visionary

Etourneau, J., Delmas, C., Jobic, S., & Whangbo, M.-H. (2021, November). MOLECULES, Vol. 26.

Spin Exchanges between Transition Metal Ions Governed by the Ligand p-Orbitals in Their Magnetic Orbitals

[Review of ]. MOLECULES, 26(3).

Spin Hamiltonians in Magnets: Theories and Computations

[Review of ]. MOLECULES, 26(4).

Unusual Spin Exchanges Mediated by the Molecular Anion P2S64-: Theoretical Analyses of the Magnetic Ground States, Magnetic Anisotropy and Spin Exchanges of MPS3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)

MOLECULES, 26(5).

Atom Response Theory of Nonlinear Optical Responses and Its Applications

CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY, 39(12), 2172–2181.

Cu2O Nanoparticles with Both {100} and {111} Facets for Enhancing the Selectivity and Activity of CO2 Electroreduction to Ethylene

ADVANCED SCIENCE, 7(6).

Enhancing the Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Reaction of BiVO4 Photoanode by Employing Carbon Spheres as Electron Reservoirs

ACS CATALYSIS, 10(21), 13031–13039.

Ferromagnetic dual topological insulator in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice

MATERIALS HORIZONS, 7(9), 2431–2438.

Hidden magnetic order in the triangular-lattice magnet Li2MnTeO6

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 102(9).

Intralayer ferromagnetism between S=5/2 ions in MnBi2Te4: Role of empty Bi p states

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 101(20).

Key Factors Controlling the Large Second Harmonic Generation in Nonlinear Optical Materials

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, 12(8), 9434–9439.

Magneto-Optical Kerr Switching Properties of (CrI3)(2) and (CrBr3/CrI3) Bilayers

ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, 2(5), 1373–1380.

Molybdenum Nitride Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution More Efficient than Platinum/Carbon: Mo2N/CeO2@Nickel Foam

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, 12(26), 29153–29161.

On Ferro- and Antiferro-Spin-Density Waves Describing the Incommensurate Magnetic Structure of NaYNiWO6

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 59(24), 17856–17859.

Orbital Magnetic Moments of the High-Spin Co2+ Ions at Axially-Elongated Octahedral Sites: Unquenched as Reported from Experiment or Quenched as Predicted by Theory?

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 59(24), 18319–18324.

Peculiarities of magnetic ordering in the S=5/2 two-dimensional square-lattice antimonate NaMnSbO4

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 101(5).

Physical Properties of Molecules and Condensed Materials Governed by Onsite Repulsion, Spin-Orbit Coupling and Polarizability of their Constituent Atoms

Molecules, 25(4), 867.

Second harmonic generation responses of KH2PO4: importance of K and breaking down of Kleinman symmetry

RSC ADVANCES, 10(44), 26479–26485.

Synthesis of the Elusive S=1/2 Star Structure: A Possible Quantum Spin Liquid Candidate

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 142(11), 5013–5016.

Ternary selenides A(2)Sb(4)Se(8) (A = K, Rb and Cs) as an n-type thermoelectric material with high power factor and low lattice thermal conductivity: importance of the conformationally flexible Sb-Se-Se-Sb bridges

RSC ADVANCES, 10(24), 14415–14421.

The partition principles for atomic-scale structures and their physical properties: application to the nonlinear optical crystal material KBe2BO3F2

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, 22(34), 19299–19306.

Two-dimensional magnetism in alpha-CuV2O6

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 102(1).

Dependence of the Second-Harmonic Generation Response on the Cell Volume to Band-Gap Ratio

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 58(15), 9572–9575.

Effect of Nonmagnetic Ion Deficiency on Magnetic Structure: Density Functional Study of Sr2MnO2Cu2-xTe2, Sr2MO2Cu2Te2 (M = Co, Mn), and the Oxide-Hydrides Sr2VO3H, Sr3V2O5H2, and SrVO2H

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 58(21), 14769–14776.

Effect of the intra- and inter-triazine N-vacancies on the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of graphitic carbon nitride

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, 369, 263–271.

Electronic and Structural Factors Controlling the Spin Orientations of Magnetic Ions

Inorganic Chemistry, 58(18), 11854–11874.

Enhanced selectivity and activity for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO on an anodized Zn/carbon/Ag electrode

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, 7(28), 16685–16689.

Improving the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of UiO-67 by incorporating Ce4+-coordinated bipyridinedicarboxylate ligands

SCIENCE BULLETIN, 64(20), 1502–1509.

Perovskite photocatalyst CsPbBr3-xIx with a bandgap funnel structure for H-2 evolution under visible light

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, 245, 522–527.

Selective photocatalytic conversion of alcohol to aldehydes by singlet oxygen over Bi-based metal-organic frameworks under UV-vis light irradiation

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, 254, 463–470.

Stabilizing the titanium-based metal organic frameworks in water by metal cations with empty or partially-filled d orbitals

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE, 533, 9–12.

Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium-Iron Antimonate Na2FeSbO5: One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Chain Compound with a Spin-Glass Ground State

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 58(17), 11333–11350.

The Conceptual Dilemma of the One-Electron Picture in Describing the Uniaxial Magnetism at Linear Coordination Sites

European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2019(21), 2630–2634.

Triple-Kagome-Layer Slabs of Mixed-Valence Rare-Earth Ions Exhibiting Quantum Spin Liquid Behaviors: Synthesis and Characterization of Eu9MgS2B20O41

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 141(24), 9533–9536.

Adsorption of gaseous ethylene via induced polarization on plasmonic photocatalyst Ag/AgCl/TiO2 and subsequent photodegradation

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, 220, 356–361.

Co3O4 nanobelt arrays assembled with ultrathin nanosheets as highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, 6(26), 12718–12723.

Comparison of the electronic and thermoelectric properties of three layered phases Bi2Te3, PbBi2Te4 and PbBi4Te7: LEGO thermoelectrics

AIP ADVANCES, 8(11).

Composite of CH3NH3PbI3 with reduced graphene oxide as a highly efficient and stable visible-light photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in aqueous HI solution

Advanced Materials, 30(7).

Continual injection of photoinduced electrons stabilizing surface plasmon resonance of non-elemental-metal plasmonic photocatalyst CdS/WO3-x for efficient hydrogen generation

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, 226, 10–15.

Endotaxial growth of [100]-oriented TaON films on LiTaO3 single crystals for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

Solar RRL, 2(6).

Enhancing the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity of Mixed-Halide Perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3-xIx Achieved by Bandgap Funneling of Charge Carriers

ACS CATALYSIS, 8(11), 10349–10357.

Interaction of tantalum, titanium and phosphorus at 1070 K: Phase diagram and structural chemistry

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, 732, 777–783.

Interband Electron Pairing for Superconductivity from the Breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation

CHEMPHYSCHEM, 19(23), 3191–3195.

Low-Dimensional Magnetic Properties of Natural and Synthetic Mixite (Bi,Ca)Cu-6(OH)(6)(AsO4)(3)center dot nH(2)O (n approximate to 3) and Goudeyite YCu6(OH)(6)(AsO4)(3)center dot nH(2)O (n approximate to 3)

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE, 644(24), 1782–1790.

Magnetic excitations of the Cu2+ quantum spin chain in Sr3CuPtO6

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 97(10).

Nonequivalent Spin Exchanges of the Hexagonal Spin Lattice Affecting the Low-Temperature Magnetic Properties of RInO3 (R = Gd, Tb, Dy): Importance of Spin-Orbit Coupling for Spin Exchanges between Rare-Earth Cations with Nonzero Orbital Moments

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 57(15), 9260–9265.

Spin-Density Wave as a Superposition of Two Magnetic States of Opposite Chirality and Its Implications

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 57(16), 9782–9785.

The Large Second-Harmonic Generation of LiCs2PO4 is caused by the Metal-Cation-Centered Groups

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, 57(15), 3933–3937.

A comprehensive study of magnetic exchanges in the layered oxychalcogenides Sr(3)Fe(2)O(5)Cu(2)Q(2) (Q = S, Se)

JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS, 444, 147–153.

Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of BiOX (X = Cl, Br, and I), (BiO)(2)CO3 and Bi2O3 by modifying their surfaces with polar organic anions, 4-substituted thiophenolates

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, 5(27), 14406–14414.

Fine-Tuning the Properties of Doped Multifunctional Materials by Controlled Reduction of Dopants

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, 23(13), 2998–3001.

Group of Quantum Bits Acting as a Bit Using a Single-Domain Ferromagnet of Uniaxial Magnetic Ions

CHEMPHYSCHEM, 18(16), 2147–2150.

Magnetic field-temperature phase diagram of multiferroic [(CH3)(2)NH2]Mn(HCOO)(3)

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 96(10).

Magnetic phase transitions and magnetoelastic coupling in S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 95(10).

Multigap Superconductivity at Extremely High Temperature: A Model for the Case of Pressurized H2S

JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM, 30(1), 151–156.

Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Midgap States Responsible for the Fluorescence and the Long-Lasting Phosphorescence of the Inverse Spinel Mg(Mg,Sn)O-4

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 29(3), 1069–1075.

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol by three-dimensional hollow structures of Bi2WO6 quantum dots

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, 219, 209–215.

Roles of reaction kinetics of CO2 on a PrBaCo2O5.5+delta surfaces

RSC ADVANCES, 7(64), 40558–40562.

Seebeck Coefficients of Layered BiCuSeO Phases: Analysis of Their Hole-Density Dependence and Quantum Confinement Effect

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 29(5), 2348–2354.

Single-Domain Ferromagnet of Noncentrosymmetric Uniaxial Magnetic Ions and Magnetoelectric Interaction

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, 56(34), 10196–10199.

Structural and Magnetic Properties of the Trirutile-type 1D-Heisenberg Anti-Ferromagnet CuTa2O6

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 56(11), 6318–6329.

Superconductivity Induced by Oxygen Doping in Y2O2Bi

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, 56(34), 10123–10126.

An efficient visible-light photocatalyst made from a nonpolar layered semiconductor by grafting electron-withdrawing organic molecules to its surface

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS, 52(92), 13507–13510.

Analogies between Jahn-Teller and Rashba spin physics

[Review of ]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, 116(20), 1442–1450.

Bonding Scheme, Hydride Character, and Magnetic Paths of (HPO3)(2-) Versus (SeO3)(2-) Building Units in Solids

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, 120(3), 1650–1656.

Competing Jahn-Teller distortions and hydrostatic pressure effects in the quasi-one-dimensional quantum ferromagnet CuAs2O4

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 93(2).

Condensed-matter equation of states covering a wide region of pressure studied experimentally

Scientific Reports, 6.

Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of BiVO4 for Oxygen Evolution by Ce Doping: Ce3+ Ions as Hole Traps

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, 120(4), 2058–2063.

Magnetic structure of (C5H12N)CuBr3: origin of the uniform Heisenberg chain behavior and the magnetic anisotropy of the Cu2+ (S=1/2) ions

RSC ADVANCES, 6(27), 22722–22727.

Possibility of combining ferroelectricity and Rashba-like spin splitting in monolayers of the 1T-type transition-metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te)

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 94(19).

Spin orientations of the spin-half Ir4+ ions in Sr3NiIrO6, Sr2IrO4, and Na2IrO3: Density functional, perturbation theory, and Madelung potential analyses

Journal of Chemical Physics, 144(11).

Spin-Lattice Coupling in [Ni(HF2)(pyrazine)(2)]SbF6 Involving the HF2- Superexchange Pathway

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 55(23), 12172–12178.

Structure and Composition of the 200K-Superconducting Phase of H2S at Ultrahigh Pressure: The Perovskite (SH-)(H3S+)

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, 55(11), 3682–3684.

Atomically layer-by-layer diffusion of oxygen/hydrogen in highly epitaxial PrBaCo2O5.5+delta thin films

Applied Physics Letters, 107(24).

Catalytic Dynamics and Oxygen Diffusion in Doped PrBaCo2O5.5+delta Thin Films

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, 7(43), 24353–24359.

Crucial Role of Site Disorder and Frustration in Unusual Magnetic Properties of Quasi-2D Triangular Lattice Antimonate Na4FeSbO6

APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE, 46(10), 1121–1145.

Density Functional Characterization of the Electronic Structures and Band Bending of Rutile RuO2/TiO2(110) Heterostructures

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, 119(22), 12394–12399.

Emergence of ferroelectricity and spin-valley properties in two-dimensional honeycomb binary compounds

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 91(16).

Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Oxidation by Boron-Doped BiVO4 under Visible Light: Hole Trapping by BO4 Tetrahedra

CHEMPLUSCHEM, 80(7), 1113–1118.

Insights into How Fluorine-Adsorption and n-Type Doping Affect the Relative Stability of the (001) and (101) Surfaces of TiO2: Enhancing the Exposure of More Active but Thermodynamically Less Stable (001)

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 6(10), 1876–1882.

Loss of Linear Band Dispersion and Trigonal Structure in Silicene on Ir(111)

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 6(6), 1065–1070.

Magnetic and electrode properties, structure and phase relations of the layered triangular-lattice tellurate Li4NiTeO6

JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY, 225, 89–96.

New Phase of MnSb2O6 Prepared by Ion Exchange: Structural, Magnetic, and Thermodynamic Properties

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 54(4), 1705–1711.

On Structural Features Necessary for Near-IR-Light Photocatalysts

CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, 21(39), 13583–13587.

On Why the Two Polymorphs of NaFePO4 Exhibit Widely Different Magnetic Structures: Density Functional Analysis

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 54(10), 4966–4971.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites ABI(3) (A = CH3NH3, NH2CHNH2; B = Sn, Pb) as potential thermoelectric materials: a density functional evaluationt

RSC ADVANCES, 5(96), 78701–78707.

Pair Distribution Function and Density Functional Theory Analyses of Hydrogen Trapping by gamma-MnO2

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 54(4), 1194–1196.

Prediction of Spin Orientations in Terms of HOMO-LUMO Interactions Using Spin-Orbit Coupling as Perturbation

[Review of ]. ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH, 48(12), 3080–3087.

Solution phase post-modification of a trimesic acid network on Au(111) with Zn2+ ions

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS, 51(5), 873–876.

Spin excitations in the two-dimensional strongly coupled dimer system malachite

PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 91(6).

Synthesis and characterization of ZnS with controlled amount of S vacancies for photocatalytic H-2 production under visible light

Scientific Reports, 5.

Synthesis of the Layered Quaternary Uranium-Containing Oxide Cs2Mn3U6O22 and Characterization of its Magnetic Properties

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 54(11), 5495–5503.

Tolerance Factor and Cation-Anion Orbital Interactions Differentiating the Polar and Antiferrodistortive Structures of Perovskite Oxides ABO(3)

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE, 641(6), 1043–1052.

Unexpected Precursor Effects to the Structural Phase Transition in EuTiO3

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE, 641(2), 180–183.

Ag6Si2O7: a Silicate Photocatalyst for the Visible Region

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 26(13), 3873–3875.

Analysis of the Difference between the Pyroxenes LiFeSi2O6 and LiFeGe2O6 in Their Spin Order, Spin Orientation, and Ferrotoroidal Order

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, 26(4), 1745–1750.