@inproceedings{su_huang_2013, title={Proposing a electricity market framework for the energy internet}, DOI={10.1109/pesmg.2013.6672224}, abstractNote={Smart Grid is drawing increasing attentions and reshaping the traditional view of power systems in the last decade. The Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) Systems provide a promising solution to accommodate the high penetration of intermittent renewable energy resources and the emerging Smart Grid technologies. As a future automated and flexible electric power distribution system, the envisioned FREEDM systems enable the customers to fully participate in a deregulated electricity market. The customers are not only the price-takers but also the electricity suppliers by locally operating and managing their own Distributed Generators (DGs), Distributed Energy Storage Devices (DESDs), and dispatchable loads. This paper proposes a novel framework for a deregulated electricity market to enable the “Energy Internet” in a residential distribution system. It can achieve the flexible energy/power dispatch by allowing the customers to maximize their own benefits and compete with each other. Some game-theoretic methodologies (e.g., Nikaido-Isoda function and relaxation algorithm) are applied to determine the equilibrium solutions in a deregulated electricity market. A numerical case study is performed to validate the proposed approach. Accordingly, the numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed framework for clearing the deregulated electricity market price enabling the “Energy Internet”.}, booktitle={2013 ieee power and energy society general meeting (pes)}, author={Su, W. C. and Huang, A. Q.}, year={2013} }
 @article{su_rahimi-eichi_zeng_chow_2012, title={A Survey on the Electrification of Transportation in a Smart Grid Environment}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1941-0050"]}, DOI={10.1109/tii.2011.2172454}, abstractNote={Economics and environmental incentives, as well as advances in technology, are reshaping the traditional view of industrial systems. The anticipation of a large penetration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) into the market brings up many technical problems that are highly related to industrial information technologies within the next ten years. There is a need for an in-depth understanding of the electrification of transportation in the industrial environment. It is important to consolidate the practical and the conceptual knowledge of industrial informatics in order to support the emerging electric vehicle (EV) technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the electrification of transportation in an industrial environment. In addition, it provides a comprehensive survey of the EVs in the field of industrial informatics systems, namely: 1) charging infrastructure and PHEV/PEV batteries; 2) intelligent energy management; 3) vehicle-to-grid; and 4) communication requirements. Moreover, this paper presents a future perspective of industrial information technologies to accelerate the market introduction and penetration of advanced electric drive vehicles.}, number={1}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS}, author={Su, Wencong and Rahimi-Eichi, Habiballah and Zeng, Wente and Chow, Mo-Yuen}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={1–10} }
 @inproceedings{su_wang_zhang_chow_2012, title={Framework for Investigating the Impact of PHEV Charging on Power Distribution System and Transportation Network}, DOI={10.1109/iecon.2012.6389482}, abstractNote={Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) have received increasing attention because of their low pollution emissions, petroleum independence, and high fuel economy. The large market penetration of these vehicles is dramatically changing the view of the power distribution system. Unlike other power loads, these vehicles can be connected to power grids anywhere and anytime, which brings more spatial and temporal diversity and uncertainty. There is an urgent need to investigate the impact of PHEV/PEV charging on the power distribution system considering multidisciplinary complexities (e.g., driving behavior, route and departure time choice, charging station location, engineering, policy, economic, environment, technology, and social impact). This paper consolidates the modeling and simulation of power distribution system and transportation network in order to assess the emerging electric vehicle technologies. Moreover, this paper proposes a comprehensive co-modeling/simulation framework for investigating the impact of the electrification of transportation in the real world.}, booktitle={38th annual conference on ieee industrial electronics society (iecon 2012)}, author={Su, W. C. and Wang, J. H. and Zhang, K. L. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2012}, pages={4735–4740} }
 @inproceedings{su_chow_2011, title={Performance evaluation of A PHEV parking station using particle swarm optimization}, DOI={10.1109/pes.2011.6038937}, abstractNote={There is expected to be a large penetration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) into the market in the near future. As a result, many technical problems related to the impact of this technology on the power grid need to be addressed. The anticipating large penetration of PHEV into our societies will add a substantial energy load to power grids, as well as add substantial energy resources that can be utilized. There is also a need for in-depth study on PHEVs in term of Smart Grid environment. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for optimally managing a large number of PHEVs (i.e., 500) charging at a municipal parking station. We used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to intelligently allocate energy to the PHEVs. We considered constraints such as energy price, remaining battery capacity, and remaining charging time. A mathematical framework for the objective function (i.e., maximizing the average State-of-Charge at the next time step) is also given. We characterized the performance of our PSO algorithm using a MATLAB simulation, and compared it with other techniques.}, booktitle={2011 ieee power and energy society general meeting}, author={Su, W. C. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{su_chow_2011, title={Sensitivity analysis on battery modeling to large-scale PHEV/PEV charging algorithms}, DOI={10.1109/iecon.2011.6119831}, abstractNote={An in-depth need exists to address the potential problems caused by the emergence of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) within in the next 20 years. The large penetration of these vehicles into the marketplace poses a potential threat to the existing power grid. A large number of PHEVs/ PEVs may cause serious system instability without a sophisticated control strategy. Energy storage is the key enabling technology for PHEVs/PEVs. The battery state information is critical to ensure optimal utilization of the available energy. It enables optimal control over the battery's charging and discharging process, thereby reducing the risk of overcharge or undercharge and prolonging battery life. In this paper, we first simulate real-world parking deck scenarios and implement four types of battery models (i.e., the linear model, relaxation model, hysteresis model, and combined model). We then evaluate optimal performance of the proposed large-scale PHEV/PEV charging algorithms under certain operating conditions. We characterize system performance and illustrate the importance of battery modeling to large-scale charging algorithms. The simulation results provide a general overview of the impact of battery modeling on optimal performance.}, booktitle={Iecon 2011: 37th annual conference on ieee industrial electronics society}, author={Su, W. C. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{su_yuan_chow_2010, title={Microgrid planning and operation: solar energy and wind energy}, DOI={10.1109/pes.2010.5589391}, abstractNote={Economic, technology and environmental incentives are changing the features of electricity generation and transmission. Centralized power systems are giving way to local scale distributed generations. At present, there is a need to assess the effects of large numbers of distributed generators and short-term storage in Microgrid. To accommodate the high demand of renewable energy and the environment policy, the planning and operation of Micro-source generators has been studied using HOMER. Simulation results show a case study of an optimal microgrid configuration on Ontario area in Canada. Sensitivity variables are specified to examine the effect of uncertainties (e.g. diesel price and average wind speed), especially in a long-term planning. The effect of air emission penalties on Microgrid planning is also well presented.}, booktitle={Ieee power and energy soceity general meeting 2010}, author={Su, W. C. and Yuan, Z. Y. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2010} }