@article{yu_she_zhou_huang_2014, title={Power Management for DC Microgrid Enabled by Solid-State Transformer}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1949-3061"]}, DOI={10.1109/tsg.2013.2277977}, abstractNote={A novel distributed power management scheme is proposed in this paper for a DC microgrid system, which is enabled by Solid-State transformer (SST). The proposed system includes distributed renewable energy resource (DRER) and distributed energy storage device (DESD). The proposed distributed control algorithm, which only relies on the local information and guarantees full utilization of each module in the system based on their characteristics, is applied to both SST and DC microgrid. To this end, a simulation platform is developed in MATLAB/Simulink, in which Photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell and battery are selected as the typical DRERs and DESD, respectively. Lastly, several typical case studies are carried out and the simulation results verify the proposed distributed power management.}, number={2}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID}, author={Yu, Xunwei and She, Xu and Zhou, Xiaohu and Huang, Alex. Q.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={954–965} }
 @inproceedings{zhou_yu_lukic_huang_2012, title={LCL filter utilized in battery charging applications to achieve compact size and low ripple charging}, DOI={10.1109/ecce.2012.6342758}, abstractNote={In this paper, an LCL filter is proposed to replace L-type filter in a dc/dc converter for battery charging applications. The merits of using an LCL filter are compact size, and extremely low ripple of charging current. The ripple free charging can reduce the heat generated by the ripple of the charging current and improve the battery lifetime. Filter based controller is proposed to solve the control loop instability issue caused by LCL filter. Low-pass filter and notch filter based controllers are designed and compared. The controller robustness to the variation of the filter parameters is investigated. The proposed system and control methods are verified by simulation and experiment.}, booktitle={2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)}, author={Zhou, X. H. and Yu, X. W. and Lukic, S. and Huang, A.}, year={2012}, pages={660–665} }
 @article{bhattacharya_zhao_wang_dutta_baek_du_parkhideh_zhou_huang_2010, title={Design and Development of Generation-I Silicon based Solid State Transformer}, ISSN={["1048-2334"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952195486&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/apec.2010.5433455}, abstractNote={The Solid State Transformer (SST) is one of the key elements proposed in the National Science Foundation (NSF) Generation-III Engineering Research Center (ERC) “Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management” (FREEDM) Systems Center. The SST is used to enable active management of distributed renewable energy resources, energy storage devices and loads. In this paper, the Generation-I SST single-phase 20kVA, based on 6.5kV Si-IGBT is proposed for interface with 12kV distribution system voltage. The SST system design parameters, overall system efficiency, high frequency transformer design, dual active bridge converter, auxiliary power supply and gate drives are investigated. Design considerations and experimental results of the prototype SST are reported.}, journal={2010 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC)}, author={Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Zhao, Tiefu and Wang, Gangyao and Dutta, Sumit and Baek, Seunghun and Du, Yu and Parkhideh, Babak and Zhou, Xiaohu and Huang, Alex Q.}, year={2010}, pages={1666–1673} }
 @article{liang_alesi_zhou_huang_2010, title={Digital Controller Development for Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter with Model Based Technique}, ISSN={["1048-2334"]}, DOI={10.1109/apec.2010.5433570}, abstractNote={The main objective for a grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) inverter is to feed the harvested energy from PV panels to the grid with high efficiency and high power quality. A digital controller is the “heart” of the PV system: it calculates the maximum power point (MPP) and regulates the output current to meet the utility inter-connection standards. This paper introduced a new approach “model based design” to develop current controller for PV inverter. This design methodology filled the gap between computer simulation and hardware implementation of the digital controller and made an easy way for the implementation of complex and high level algorithm in a digital signal processor (DSP) [1]. The inverter's small signal model in D-Q rotating frame is derived and a double loop current controller is designed. The performance of the developed controller has been verified by both of the simulation in MATLAB and experimental results from a 2kW single phase PV inverter prototype.}, journal={2010 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC)}, author={Liang, Zhigang and Alesi, Larry and Zhou, Xiaohu and Huang, Alex Q.}, year={2010}, pages={849–853} }
 @inproceedings{zhou_liu_bhattacharya_huang_2010, title={New inductor current feedback control with active harmonics injection for inverter stage of solid state transformer}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751540900&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/iecon.2010.5675216}, abstractNote={Solid state transformer (SST) is considered the key unit for power processing and conversion in the future distributed renewable energy network. The role of SST is to enable the active management of distributed energy resources, energy storage devices and different type of loads in a distribution grid. Inverter stage of SST supplies sinusoidal voltage to the users. In this paper an improved inductor current control based on active harmonics injection is proposed to overcome the drawback of inferior performance of conventional inductor current feedback control for the nonlinear loads. The inductor current overshoot during the load transient is investigated by using both capacitor current feedback control and inductor current feedback control. The inductor current feedback control has the capability to limit current overshoot even with a smaller inductor, which shows the potential to further reduce the size and weight of the passive components.}, booktitle={IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference)}, author={Zhou, X. and Liu, Y. and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Huang, A.}, year={2010}, pages={593–598} }
 @article{du_zhou_bai_lukic_huang_2010, title={Review of Non-isolated Bi-directional DC-DC Converters for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Charge Station Application at Municipal Parking Decks}, ISSN={["1048-2334"]}, DOI={10.1109/apec.2010.5433359}, abstractNote={There is a growing interest on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV's) due to energy security and green house gas emission issues, as well as the low electricity fuel cost. As battery capacity and all-electric range of PHEV's are improved, and potentially some PHEV's or EV's need fast charging, there is increased demand to build high power off-board charging infrastructures. A charge station architecture for municipal parking decks has been proposed, which has a DC microgrid to interface with multiple DC-DC chargers, distributed renewable power generations and energy storage, and provides functionalities of normal and rapid charging, grid support such as reactive and real power injection (including V2G), current harmonic filtering and load balance. Several non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converters suited for charge station applications have been reviewed and compared, as the major focus of this paper. Half bridge converter is a good candidate but it is difficult to maintain high efficiency in wide battery pack voltage range. A variable frequency pulse width modulation (VFPWM) scheme is proposed to mitigate this issue. Finally three-level bi-directional DC-DC converter is suggested to be employed in this application. A 10kW prototype verifies that 95.1–97.9% full load efficiency can be achieved in charging mode with 180–360V battery pack voltage. In addition, the inductor size is only one third of the half bridge counterpart, which is a great advantage for high power converters.}, journal={2010 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC)}, author={Du, Yu and Zhou, Xiaohu and Bai, Sanzhong and Lukic, Srdjan and Huang, Alex}, year={2010}, pages={1145–1151} }
 @article{wang_zhou_li_zhao_huang_callanan_husna_agarwal_2009, title={10-kV SiC MOSFET-Based Boost Converter}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1939-9367"]}, DOI={10.1109/tia.2009.2031915}, abstractNote={10-kV silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs are currently being developed by a number of organizations in the U.S. with prospective applications in high-voltage and high-frequency power-electronic systems. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the high-frequency and high-temperature capability of 10-kV SiC MOSFETs in the application of a dc/dc boost converter. In this study, 10-kV SiC MOSFET and junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diode were characterized and modeled in SPICE. Following this, a dc/dc boost converter based on a 10-kV 10-A MOSFET and a 10-kV 5-A JBS diode was designed and tested under continuous operation for frequencies up to 25 kHz. The boost converter had an output voltage of 4 kV, an output power of 4 kW, and operated with a junction temperature of 174degC for the SiC MOSFET. The fast-switching speed, low losses, and high-temperature operation capability of 10-kV SiC MOSFETs demonstrated in the dc/dc boost converter make them attractive for high-frequency and high-voltage power-conversion applications.}, number={6}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS}, author={Wang, Jun and Zhou, Xiaohu and Li, Jun and Zhao, Tiefu and Huang, Alex Q. and Callanan, Robert and Husna, Fatima and Agarwal, Anant}, year={2009}, pages={2056–2063} }
 @inproceedings{zhou_lukic_bhattacharya_huang_2009, title={Design and control of grid-connected converter in bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72149131445&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/vppc.2009.5289691}, abstractNote={A new bi-directional power converter for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) is proposed based on a typical household circuitry configuration. This converter can achieve three major functions: battery charger mode, vehicle to grid mode (V2G) and vehicle to home mode (V2H), which are the main topics of integration of PHEVs with the grid. The detailed converter design is presented. An improved AC/DC controller is proposed in order to achieve low input current harmonics for the charger mode. The Proportional resonant+harmonics selective compensation method is utilized for the V2G mode, and capacitor current feedback and proportional resonant control methods are adopted for the V2H mode. Compared with conventional PI controllers, the proposed controllers greatly enhance the grid-connected converter's performance in the aspects of low harmonics output and robustness against background noise.}, booktitle={5th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, VPPC '09}, author={Zhou, X. and Lukic, Srdjan and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Huang, A.}, year={2009}, pages={1716–1721} }
 @inproceedings{song_zhou_liang_bhattacharya_huang_2009, title={Modeling and control design of distributed power flow controller based-on per-phase control}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72449137681&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/ecce.2009.5316307}, abstractNote={The distributed power flow controller (DPFC) based-on Emitter Turn-Off (ETO) light converter is one newly proposed solid state power electronics technology based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices which is effective to control the active power flow through the transmission lines. This modular DPFC has low cost, high reliability and makes it possible to have the transformerless connection to the existing power grid. In this paper, the development and analysis of modeling techniques and feedback schemes based on per phase control of DPFC are proposed. The simulation results and experimental results show the consistency of the propose model and the feasibility of the feedback control design for the DPFC per-phase operation.}, booktitle={2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2009}, author={Song, W. and Zhou, X. and Liang, Z. and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Huang, A.Q.}, year={2009}, pages={3262–3267} }
 @inproceedings{zhou_wang_lukic_bhattacharya_huang_2009, title={Multi-function bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72449142726&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/ecce.2009.5316226}, abstractNote={A new multi-function bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) is proposed based on the power circuitry configuration of an American house. This bi-directional charger can achieve three functions including battery charging, vehicle to grid (V2G) and vehicle to home (V2H), all of which are the major research areas of PHEV's integration with the power grid. The integration infrastructure and practical design issues are analyzed. The multiple control loop designs are presented for the three operation modes. Simulation and experimental results verify the functions and performance of the proposed charger. With the capability of achieving multiple functions, the bi-directional charger will contribute and enhance grid related research of PHEVs.}, booktitle={2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2009}, author={Zhou, X. and Wang, G. and Lukic, Srdjan and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Huang, A.}, year={2009}, pages={3930–3936} }