@article{xie_jia_dirican_xia_li_liu_cui_yan_wan_liu_et al._2022, title={Highly Foldable, Super-Sensitive, and Transparent Nanocellulose/Ceramic/Polymer Cover Windows for Flexible OLED Displays}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1944-8252"]}, DOI={10.1021/acsami.2c01353}, abstractNote={Polymer cover windows are important components of flexible OLED displays but they easily generate wrinkles because of their weak folding resistance. Increasing the polymer thickness can improve the folding resistance but it decreases the touch sensitivity. Thus, fabricating highly foldable and supersensitive polymer cover windows is still challenging. Here, by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and zirconia (ZrO2) into colorless polyimide (CPI), we developed a highly foldable and supersensitive hybrid cover window. Inspired by the theory of elasticity, we added rigid CNCs into CPI to improve the elastic modulus and hence the foldability. ZrO2 was introduced to improve dielectric properties, which leads to improved touch sensitivity. After these modifications, the elastic modulus of the cover windows was increased from 1432 to 2221 MPa, whereas its dielectric constant was increased from 2.95 to 3.46 (@1 × 106 Hz), resulting in significantly enhanced foldability and sensitivity. Meanwhile, because of the nano size of CNCs and ZrO2, the hybrid cover windows exhibit excellent optical properties with the transmittance of ∼88.1%@550 nm and haze of 2.39%. With improved and balanced mechanical, dielectric, and optical properties, these hybrid cover windows overcome current cover windows' defects and could be widely used in next-generation flexible displays.}, number={14}, journal={ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES}, author={Xie, Jingyi and Jia, Dongmei and Dirican, Mahmut and Xia, Yi and Li, Chunxing and Liu, Yi and Cui, Meng and Yan, Chaoyi and Wan, Jiayu and Liu, Hao and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Apr}, pages={16658–16668} }
 @article{tian_jia_dirican_cui_fang_yan_xie_liu_li_fu_et al._2022, title={Highly Soluble and Stable, High Release Rate Nanocellulose Codrug Delivery System of Curcumin and AuNPs for Dual Chemo-Photothermal Therapy}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1526-4602"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01367}, abstractNote={As a natural antitumor drug, curcumin (CUR) has received increasing attention from researchers and patients due to its various medicinal properties. However, currently CUR is still restricted due to its low and stand-alone therapeutic effects that seriously limit its clinical application. Here, by using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a nanocarrier to load CUR and AuNPs simultaneously, we developed a hybrid nanoparticle as a codrug delivery system to enhance the low and stand-alone therapeutic effects of CUR. Aided with the encapsulation of β-cyclodextrin (βCD), both the solubility and the stability of CUR are greatly enhanced (solubility increased from 0.89 to 131.7 μg/mL). Owing to the unique rod-like morphology of CNCs, the system exhibits an outstanding loading capacity of 31.4 μg/mg. Under the heat effects of coloaded AuNPs, the system demonstrates a high release rate of 77.63%. Finally, with CNC as a bridge nanocarrier, all aforementioned functions were integrated into one hybrid nanoparticle. The all-in-one integration ensures CUR to have enhanced therapeutic effects and enables the delivery system to exhibit combined chemo-photothermal therapy outcomes. This work presents a significant step toward CUR's clinical application and provides a new strategy for effective and integrative treatment of tumor disease.}, journal={BIOMACROMOLECULES}, author={Tian, Yan and Jia, Dongmei and Dirican, Mahmut and Cui, Meng and Fang, Dongjun and Yan, Chaoyi and Xie, Jingyi and Liu, Yi and Li, Chunxing and Fu, Junjun and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{xiao_chen_wei_liu_yin_hu_zhou_zhu_2021, title={Effect of dislocation configuration on Ag segregation in subgrain boundary of a Mg-Ag alloy}, volume={191}, ISSN={["1359-6462"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.08.040}, abstractNote={Interfacial segregation has been reported to play a critical role in the thermal-mechanical stability of nanocrystalline Mg alloys. Here we report Ag-segregation-assisted formation of nanocrystalline Mg-Ag alloy with high proportion of sub-grain boundaries during conventional rolling. The segregation structure is determined by dislocation configurations and subsequent strain field and misorientation of the sub-grain boundary. It indicates that the alloying elements, which induce <c+a> dislocations, would help to improve the stability of interfaces.}, journal={SCRIPTA MATERIALIA}, author={Xiao, Lirong and Chen, Xuefei and Wei, Kang and Liu, Yi and Yin, Dongdi and Hu, Zhaohua and Zhou, Hao and Zhu, Yuntian}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={219–224} }
 @article{ahmad_ojha_kasanaboina_reynolds_liu_iyer_2017, title={Bandgap tuning in GaAs1-xSbx axial nanowires grown by Ga-assisted molecular beam epitaxy}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1361-6641"]}, DOI={10.1088/1361-6641/32/3/035002}, abstractNote={In this work we present a comprehensive study on the effects of Sb incorporation on the composition modulation, structural and optical properties of self-assisted axial GaAs1−xSbx nanowires of 2–6 μm in length grown on (111) Si substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. The Sb composition in the GaAs1−xSbx axial nanowire (NW) was varied from 2.8–16 at.%, as determined from energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Lower Sb composition leads to thinner nanowires and inhomogeneous Sb composition distribution radially with a depleted Sb surface region inducing weak type-II optical emission, the presence of an additional peak at higher Bragg angle in the x-ray diffraction spectra and an electric-field-induced strong Raman LO mode. Higher Sb composition of 16 at.% leads to a more uniform Sb compositional distribution radially leading to type-I optical transitions exhibiting the lowest PL peak energy occurring at 1.13 eV. In addition, the high quality of these nanowires exhibiting pure zinc blende crystal structure, largely free of any planar defects, is borne out by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction patterns. The shift and broadening of the Raman LO and TO modes reveal evidence of increased Sb incorporation in the nanowires. Significant improvement in optical characteristics was achieved by the incorporation of a Al0.2Ga0.8As passivating shell. The results are very promising and reveal the potential to further red shift the optical emission wavelength by fine tuning of the fluxes during growth.}, number={3}, journal={SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Ahmad, Estiak and Ojha, S. K. and Kasanaboina, P. K. and Reynolds, C. L., Jr. and Liu, Y. and Iyer, S.}, year={2017}, month={Mar} }
 @article{tu_rajule_liu_martin_2017, title={Nanostructure diffraction analysis of a copper/single walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite synthesized by Laser Surface Implanting}, volume={113}, ISSN={["1873-3891"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.004}, abstractNote={Abstract A new wet process, denoted as Laser Surface Implanting (LSI), has been developed to synthesize a Copper-Single Wall Carbon NanoTube (Cu-SWCNT) metal nanocomposite by dispersing SWCNTs into molten copper, followed by rapid and non-equilibrium solidification to form the Cu-SWCNT nanocomposite such that dispersed SWCNTs could locked in positions without agglomerating into large clusters. However, the nanometer sizes of the SWCNT clusters inside this nanocomposite make it extremely difficult to obtain TEM images with discernable SWCNT clusters in the copper matrix. In this paper, TEM images and their diffraction patterns for annealed pure copper, quenched pure copper (by the same synthesis process without introducing SWCNTs), and Cu-SWCNT nanocomposite are compared. It is concluded that TEM images with discernable SWCNT clusters are rare. Therefore, diffraction patterns are better tools to identify SWCNTs within the copper matrix. The indexed diffraction patterns confirm that the copper fcc lattice is preserved. However, the Cu-SWCNT nanocomposite samples also exhibit ordered diffuse scattering, consisting of at least two polyhedra of diffuse-scattering bounded by the {110}* and {200}* family of reciprocal lattice planes, respectively. In addition several samples exhibit super-lattice Bragg diffraction indicative expanded unit cells. It thus appears that the SWCNTs are incorporated into the Cu matrix with precise arrangements commensurate with specific Cu lattice planes.}, journal={CARBON}, author={Tu, Jay F. and Rajule, Nilesh and Liu, Yi and Martin, James}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={1–9} }
 @article{fan_liu_jha_dulikravich_schwartz_koch_2016, title={On the Formation and Evolution of Cu-Ni-Rich Bridges of Alnico Alloys With Thermomagnetic Treatment}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1941-0069"]}, DOI={10.1109/tmag.2016.2555956}, abstractNote={Despite decades of research and development of Alnico alloys, significant uncertainties in the underlying structure-property relationships remain. Here, we report on the effects of Ti on the Alnico microstructure and nanostructure, and the corresponding influence on magnetic properties. We show that Ti fosters the conditions resulting in the formation of Cu-Ni-rich bridges in the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phases between the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> phases. For Alnico containing Ti, a typical chessboardlike morphology with Cu-Ni-rich bridges is observed, whereas in the absence of Ti, the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phases connect to each other readily, especially with a high Co concentration, and a mazelike morphology with Cu-rich white-plate precipitates rather than Cu-rich bridges is observed. Furthermore, in Alnico containing Ti, an inhomogeneous distribution of Ni is found in the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> phases, including loops with high Ni concentration surrounding the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phase and high concentrations in the bridges as well. An increase in the Cu concentration is also observed in the loops around the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phases (Ni-Cu loops), and direct contact between the Cu-Ni-rich bridges and the Ni-Cu loops is observed in lieu of direct contact between the bridges and the α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phases. We also observe that the bridges are not perfectly round but ellipsoidal, with the long axis along the connection of two adjacent α <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> phases. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy line scans of the bridges shows that two types of Cu-Ni-rich bridges exist: those with more Cu than Ni and those with more Ni than Cu. A 3-D model is presented that explains the conditions and process of bridge formation, consistent with the observed composition distributions.}, number={8}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS}, author={Fan, M. and Liu, Y. and Jha, Rajesh and Dulikravich, George S. and Schwartz, J. and Koch, C. C.}, year={2016}, month={Aug} }
 @article{fan_liu_jha_dulikravich_schwartz_koch_2016, title={On the evolution of Cu-Ni-rich bridges of Alnico alloys with tempering}, volume={420}, ISSN={["1873-4766"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.07.040}, abstractNote={Tempering is a critical step in Alnico alloy processing, yet the effects of tempering on microstructure have not been well studied. Here we report these effects, and in particular the effects on the Cu-Ni bridges. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) maps and line scans show that tempering changes the elemental distribution in the Cu-Ni bridges, but not the morphology and distribution of Cu-bridges. The Cu concentration in the Cu-Ni bridges increases after tempering while other element concentrations decrease, especially Ni and Al. Furthermore, tempering sharpens the Cu bridge boundaries. These effects are primarily related to the large 2C44/(C11−C12) ratio for Cu, largest of all elements in Alnico. In addition, the Ni-Cu loops around the α1 phases become inconspicuous with tempering. The diffusion of Fe and Co to the α1 phase during tempering, which increases the difference of saturation magnetization between the α1 and α2 phases, is observed by EDS. In summary, α1, α2 and Cu-bridges are concentrated with their major elements during tempering which improves the magnetic properties. The formation of these features formed through elemental diffusion is discussed via energy theories.}, journal={JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS}, author={Fan, M. and Liu, Y. and Jha, Rajesh and Dulikravich, George S. and Schwartz, J. and Koch, C. C.}, year={2016}, month={Dec}, pages={296–302} }
 @article{li_wei_li_kim_wen_duan_guo_wang_liu_yin_2016, title={Regulation in free amino acid profile and protein synthesis pathway of growing pig skeletal muscles by low-protein diets for different time periods1,2}, volume={94}, ISSN={0021-8812 1525-3163}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2016-0917}, DOI={10.2527/jas.2016-0917}, abstractNote={The objective of the study was to explore the extent to which the dietary CP level can be reduced for maintaining muscle protein deposition in growing pigs as well as the related mechanism and whether the response to dietary protein restriction is diversely modified throughout the 2 trial periods. A total of 36 pigs (9.57 ± 0.64 kg initial BW) were individually penned and fed 1 of 3 diets for 10 or 25 d. During each period, the diets contained 20, 17, and 14% CP, respectively. Both the 17% CP diet and the 14% CP diet were supplemented with Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp to provide the same total concentrations as those in the 20% CP diet. Results showed that feeding the 14% CP diet for 10 or 25 d seriously impaired (P < 0.05) growth performance of the pigs compared with those fed the 20 or 17% CP diets. Pigs fed the 20% CP diet for 25 d had a higher (P < 0.05) serum content of urea nitrogen than those fed the 17 and 14% CP diets. In addition, the free AA (FAA) profile in skeletal muscle of the pigs was evidently changed (P < 0.05) by the low-protein diets for 25 d; of note, the 14% CP diet increased (P < 0.05) the size of muscle FAA pool compared with the 20% CP diet. Meanwhile, on d 25, reducing dietary CP levels also influenced (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of specific AA transceptors expressed in skeletal muscle, especially revealing the striking differences between the 14 and 20% CP diet–fed pigs. Most importantly, we observed a globally decreased (P < 0.05) activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway in skeletal muscle of pigs fed the 14% CP diet, whereas only partial inhibition was observed for those fed the 17% CP diet compared with those fed the 20% CP diet. However, feeding the low-protein diets for 10 d had minimal effects on serum parameters, muscle FAA profile, and muscle mTORC1 pathway of the pigs. Taken together, our results indicate that supplementing with limiting AA to the 14% CP diet is not highly effective for the pigs in restoring protein synthesis and muscle growth, whereas the 17% CP diet likely maintains the pigs' muscle mass, which were regulated, at least in part, by mediating AA transceptors expression, FAA profile, and activation of the mTORC1 pathway.}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Li, Y. H. and Wei, H. K. and Li, F. N. and Kim, S. W. and Wen, C. Y. and Duan, Y. H. and Guo, Q. P. and Wang, W. L. and Liu, H. N. and Yin, Y. L.}, year={2016}, month={Dec}, pages={5192–5205} }
 @article{ahmad_kasanaboina_karim_sharma_reynolds_liu_iyer_2016, title={Te incorporation in GaAs1-xSbx nanowires and p-i-n axial structure}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1361-6641"]}, DOI={10.1088/0268-1242/31/12/125001}, abstractNote={We report on in situ Te-doping in GaAs1−xSbx nanowires (NWs) grown via self-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Enhanced Te incorporation in the NW at higher Te cell temperature was attested by the broadening of the x-ray diffraction peak and the presence of a strong coupled-LO phonon mode in the Raman spectra. Te-doping was estimated from the shift in the coupled-LO phonon mode to be ~2.0 × 1018/cm3. The surfactant nature of the Te modulated the growth kinetics, which was manifested in an enhanced radial growth rate with improved photoluminescence (PL) characteristics at both room temperature (RT) and 4 K. No noticeable planar defects were observed as ascertained from the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images and selected-area electron diffraction patterns. Finally, we demonstrate the experimental realization of a GaAs1−xSbx axial p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) structure on a Si substrate with Te as the n-type dopant. The GaAs1−xSbx p-i-n NW structures exhibited rectifying current–voltage (I–V) behavior. The dopant concentration and the transport parameters estimated from the PL spectra and I–V curve were found to be in good agreement.}, number={12}, journal={SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Ahmad, Estiak and Kasanaboina, P. K. and Karim, M. R. and Sharma, M. and Reynolds, C. L. and Liu, Y. and Iyer, S.}, year={2016}, month={Dec} }
 @article{maksud_palapati_byles_pomerantseva_liu_subramanian_2015, title={Dependence of Young's modulus on the sodium content within the structural tunnels of a one-dimensional Na-ion battery cathode}, volume={7}, number={42}, journal={Nanoscale}, author={Maksud, M. and Palapati, N. K. R. and Byles, B. W. and Pomerantseva, E. and Liu, Y. and Subramanian, A.}, year={2015}, pages={17642–17648} }
 @article{mikijelj_nawaz_kruzic_idrobo_swab_ozcoban_jelitto_schneider_fett_liu_2015, title={Intergranular nanostructure effects on strength and toughness of Si3N4}, volume={98}, number={5}, journal={Journal of the American Ceramic Society}, author={Mikijelj, B. and Nawaz, Z. and Kruzic, J. J. and Idrobo, J. and Swab, J. J. and Ozcoban, H. and Jelitto, H. and Schneider, G. A. and Fett, T. and Liu, Y.}, year={2015}, pages={1650–1657} }
 @article{liu_liu_wu_miller_dickey_2015, title={Visualization of film-forming polymer particles with a liquid cell technique in a transmission electron microscope}, volume={140}, ISSN={0003-2654 1364-5528}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an01067e}, DOI={10.1039/c5an01067e}, abstractNote={Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy technique provides the opportunity to image room-temperature film-forming polymer particles in solution. Together with staining technique, it can also be used as a tool to characterize the internal structure of polymer particles <italic>in situ</italic>.}, number={18}, journal={The Analyst}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Liu, Lili and Liu, Yi and Wu, Wenjun and Miller, Christopher. M. and Dickey, Elizabeth C.}, year={2015}, pages={6330–6334} }
 @article{yu_hu_su_huang_liu_jin_purezky_geohegan_kim_zhang_et al._2014, title={Equally Efficient Interlayer Exciton Relaxation and Improved Absorption in Epitaxial and Nonepitaxial MoS2/WS2 Heterostructures}, volume={15}, ISSN={1530-6984 1530-6992}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5038177}, DOI={10.1021/nl5038177}, abstractNote={Semiconductor heterostructures provide a powerful platform for the engineering of excitons. Here we report the excitonic properties of two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures that consist of monolayer MoS2 and WS2 stacked epitaxially or non-epitaxially in the vertical direction. We find similarly efficient interlayer relaxation and transition of excitons in both the epitaxial and nonepitaxial heterostructures. This is manifested by a two orders of magnitude decrease in the photoluminescence and the appearance of an extra absorption peak at low energy region. The MoS2/WS2 heterostructures show weak interlayer coupling and can essentially act as atomicscale heterojunctions with the intrinsic bandstructures of the two monolayers largely preserved. They are particularly promising for the applications that request efficient dissociation of excitons and strong light absorption, including photovoltaics, solar fuels, photodetectors, and optical modulators. Our results also indicate that 2D heterostructures promise unprecedented capabilities to engineer excitons from the atomic level without concerns of interfacial imperfection.}, number={1}, journal={Nano Letters}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Yu, Yifei and Hu, Shi and Su, Liqin and Huang, Lujun and Liu, Yi and Jin, Zhenghe and Purezky, Alexander A. and Geohegan, David B. and Kim, Ki Wook and Zhang, Yong and et al.}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={486–491} }
 @article{khanikar_liu_zikry_2014, title={Experimental and computational investigation of the dynamic behavior of Al-Cu-Li alloys}, volume={604}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84897871655&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.msea.2014.02.089}, abstractNote={A dislocation-density based crystalline plasticity formulation, finite-element techniques, rational crystallographic orientation relations and a new fracture methodology were used to predict the failure modes associated with the high strain rate behavior of high strength Al–Cu–Li alloys. Widely used aluminum alloy 2195 (AA2195) was taken as the representative of Al–Cu–Li alloys. Experimental characterization using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were performed to gain insights on microstructural behavior. The alloy aggregate was modeled with representative microstructures that included precipitates, dispersed particles, and different grain boundary (GB) distributions. The new fracture methodology, based on overlapping elements and phantom nodes, was used with a fracture criteria specialized for fracture on different cleavage planes to investigate dynamic crack nucleation and growth. The compressive behavior of AA2195 under high strain rate loading was compared with that of Al–Cu alloy 2139 to further understand the behavior of the AA2195 with the more ductile AA2139. The predictions quantify how local microstructural effects, due to precipitates and dispersed particles, have a dominant effect on crack initiation and growth.}, journal={Materials Science & Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing}, author={Khanikar, P. and Liu, Y. and Zikry, Mohammed}, year={2014}, pages={67–77} }
 @article{mily_oni_lebeau_liu_brown-shaklee_ihlefeld_maria_2014, title={The role of terminal oxide structure and properties in nanothermite reactions}, volume={562}, ISSN={["0040-6090"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.tsf.2014.05.005}, journal={THIN SOLID FILMS}, author={Mily, E. J. and Oni, A. and LeBeau, J. M. and Liu, Y. and Brown-Shaklee, H. J. and Ihlefeld, J. F. and Maria, J. -P.}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={405–410} }
 @article{yu_li_liu_su_zhang_cao_2013, title={Controlled Scalable Synthesis of Uniform, High-Quality Monolayer and Few-layer MoS2 Films}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/srep01866}, abstractNote={Two dimensional (2D) materials with a monolayer of atoms represent an ultimate control of material dimension in the vertical direction. Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) monolayers, with a direct bandgap of 1.8 eV, offer an unprecedented prospect of miniaturizing semiconductor science and technology down to a truly atomic scale. Recent studies have indeed demonstrated the promise of 2D MoS2 in fields including field effect transistors, low power switches, optoelectronics and spintronics. However, device development with 2D MoS2 has been delayed by the lack of capabilities to produce large-area, uniform and high-quality MoS2 monolayers. Here we present a self-limiting approach that can grow high quality monolayer and few-layer MoS2 films over an area of centimeters with unprecedented uniformity and controllability. This approach is compatible with the standard fabrication process in semiconductor industry. It paves the way for the development of practical devices with 2D MoS2 and opens up new avenues for fundamental research.}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Yu, Yifei and Li, Chun and Liu, Yi and Su, Liqin and Zhang, Yong and Cao, Linyou}, year={2013}, month={May} }