@article{obanla_khan_adetunji_ajuwon_fahrenholz_iwuozo_adjei-fremah_ekunseitan_fasina_2024, title={Characterization of spray-dried plasma-induced immune response in Salmonella-challenged broiler chicks}, volume={103}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2024.104077}, abstractNote={Spray-dried plasma (SDP) is a functional feed additive that has been established to improve performance and health of livestock. Understanding the effect of SDP in immune response modulation is essential to optimize its use for controlling Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infection in chickens. This study was conducted to determine the levels of expression of selected cytokine genes in the ileum and cecal tonsil of SE-challenged broiler chicks. In a floor-pen housing, 320 broilers chicks were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups: CX (unmedicated corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal without SDP), MX (unmedicated corn-SBM basal with antibiotic bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) added at 0.055g/kg diet), PCX (unmedicated corn-SBM basal with SDP added at 30g/kg diet). Treatments SE, MSE, and PSE consisted of chicks inoculated with 7.46 × 10}, number={11}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Obanla, Temitayo O. and Khan, Md Maruf and Adetunji, Adedeji O. and Ajuwon, Kolapo M. and Fahrenholz, Adam C. and Iwuozo, Odinaka C. and Adjei-Fremah, Sarah and Ekunseitan, Deji A. and Fasina, Yewande O.}, year={2024}, month={Nov} } @article{omaliko_ferket_ogundare_apalowo_enenya_iwuozo_han_fasina_2024, title={Impact of dietary fat types on expression levels of dopamine and serotonin transporters in the ileum of broiler chickens}, volume={103}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2024.104114}, abstractNote={Various types of dietary fats undergo distinct fermentation processes by gut microbes, potentially leading to the production of neurotransmitters that can influence the gut. Serotonin and dopamine are recognized neurotransmitters with positive effects on gut function. A broiler chicken trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary fat types on protein expression of 2 neurotransmitter transporters, dopamine (DAT) and serotonin (5-HTT). A total of 560 day-old (Ross 708) male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 7 dietary treatments. The experimental treatments included a basal diet of corn-soybean meal (SBM), supplemented with 3% of various fats: poultry fat (CON), olive oil (OLIV), fish oil (FISH), canola oil (CANO), lard (LARD), coconut oil (COCO), or flaxseed oil (FLAX). Bodyweight (BW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. Ileal tissues were aseptically collected to determine the expression levels of DAT and 5-HTT through western blot analysis. In addition, plasma samples were analyzed for reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM) tests on d 55. Results showed that dietary fat type inclusion did not have any detrimental effect on growth performance parameters. The expression levels of DAT were higher (P < 0.05) in FLAX treatments compared to CON treatments on d 20 and d 55, respectively. Similarly, with 5-HTT levels, FLAX, CANO, and LARD treatments were higher (P < 0.05) than CON treatments on d 20 and d 55. However, higher levels of oxidative stress (d-ROM values) were recorded in COCO (32.75 Carr U), CANO (29 Carr U), and CON treatments (25.5 Carr U) compared to FLAX (18.5 Carr U; P < 0.05) treatment. These findings suggest that incorporating dietary flaxseed oil at a 3% level in the diet has significant potential to elevate the expression levels of intestinal DAT and 5-HTT without inducing oxidative stress.}, number={11}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Omaliko, Paul C. and Ferket, Peter R. and Ogundare, Tunde E. and Apalowo, Oluwabunmi O. and Enenya, Ikenna G. and Iwuozo, Odinaka C. and Han, Jian and Fasina, Yewande O.}, year={2024}, month={Nov} } @article{blue_jababu_ibrahim_minor_williams_adetunji_ali_young_fasina_2023, title={Spray-Dried Plasma Promotes Broiler Chick Growth by Enhancing Immune Surveillance}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2076-2615"]}, DOI={10.3390/ani13091436}, abstractNote={Spray-dried plasma (SDP) contain a variety of functional proteins that play an immunomodulatory role. To evaluate the potential of SDP to stimulate the immune system, day-old Ross 708 male broiler chicks (200) were allocated randomly to five dietary treatments. Treatment 1 (CX) comprised chicks fed basal unmedicated corn–soybean meal (SBM) without the addition of SDP. Treatment 2 (MX) includes chicks fed unmedicated corn–SBM basal containing Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) at 0.055 g/kg diet. Treatments 3 (SDP1), 4 (SDP2), and 5 (SDP3) contained chicks given unmedicated corn–SBM basal, into which SDP was included at 10, 20, and 30 g/kg diet, respectively. On d 7, 14, and 21, chicks’ body weight and FCR were calculated. Additionally, leucocyte counts, oxidative status, and IgY concentrations were determined in blood. On d 23, fecal populations of selected indicator bacteria species were determined. Results showed that FCR for SP3 was superior (p < 0.05) to other treatments. Likewise, heterophil numbers decreased in MX and SDP treatments compared to CX. Circulating IgY concentration was higher for SDP dietary treatments (p < 0.05) compared to MX. In conclusion, dietary SDP at 30 g/kg enhanced immune surveillance by increasing circulating IgY levels, maintaining a normal oxidative state, and increasing gut Bifidobacteria, thereby improving chick growth performance.}, number={9}, journal={ANIMALS}, author={Blue, Candice E. C. and Jababu, Yasin and Ibrahim, Salam A. A. and Minor, Radiah C. C. and Williams, Leonard L. L. and Adetunji, Adedeji O. O. and Ali, Rizwana and Young, Lea S. S. and Fasina, Yewande O. O.}, year={2023}, month={Apr} } @article{dosu_obanla_zhang_sang_adetunji_fahrenholz_ferket_nagabhushanam_fasina_2023, title={Supplementation of ginger root extract into broiler chicken diet: effects on growth performance and immunocompetence}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2023.102897}, abstractNote={Ginger contain bioactive compounds that possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In this study, 432-day-old Ross 708 broiler male chicks were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments to investigate the effect of ginger root extract (GRE) on immunocompetence and growth performance to 6 wk of age. Treatment 1 (CON) consisted of chicks fed a corn-soybean meal (SBM), a base diet without GRE. Treatment 2 (MX) chicks were given basal diets containing bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) at 0.055 g/kg. Treatments 3 (GRE-0.375%), 4 (GRE-0.75%), 5 (GRE-1.5%) and 6 (GRE-3%) were fed similar diet to control with GRE supplemented at 0.375%, 0.75%, 1.5% and 3%, respectively. Moreover, HPLC Analysis of GRE was carried out to determine the concentration of bioactive compounds found in GRE. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicate pens with 12 chicks/pen. Bodyweight (BW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. Results show that the concentration of bioactive compounds increased with increasing GRE supplementation. Likewise, dietary GRE supplementation did not have any detrimental effect on growth performance parameters up to 1.5%, as values for BWG was not different from CON and MX; however, 3% GRE had the poorest FCR and a lower BWG as compared to other treatments. On d 27 and d 41, fecal and cecal concentrations of total bacteria count (TBC), Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus spp., and Bifidobacterium spp enumerated using selective plating media showed that GRE supplementation significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the amount of TBC and E. coli but increased the number of beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. On d 20, no significant differences were observed (P > 0.05) among all treatments for antibody titer against Newcastle Disease virus and Total IgY antibodies, however, on d 27, GRE-0.75% had the highest value for both immune indicators and was not different from MX. Dietary supplementation of GRE up to 1.5% enhanced the immune system and suppressed E. coli while promoting the growth of healthy bacteria, without any detrimental effect on growth performance.}, number={10}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Dosu, George and Obanla, Temitayo O. and Zhang, Shuwei and Sang, Shengmin and Adetunji, Adedeji O. and Fahrenholz, Adam C. and Ferket, Peter R. and Nagabhushanam, Kalyanam and Fasina, Yewande O.}, year={2023}, month={Oct} } @article{fasina_obanla_ferket_shah_2021, title={Comparative efficacy of spray-dried plasma and bacitracin methylene disalicylate in reducing cecal colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler chickens}, volume={100}, ISSN={0032-5791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101134}, DOI={10.1016/j.psj.2021.101134}, abstractNote={Spray-dried plasma (SDP) contains immunoglobulins and glycoproteins that possess antibacterial properties. Two floor-pen trials were conducted to determine the efficacy of dietary SDP and bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) antibiotic in reducing intestinal colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 was a 2-wk, 3 × 2 factorial design consisting of 6 treatments. Treatment CON consisted of chicks fed unmedicated corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal without SDP. Treatment BMD consisted of chicks given unmedicated corn-SBM basal into which BMD was added at 0.055g/kg diet. Treatment SDP consisted of chicks given unmedicated corn-SBM basal into which SDP was added at 30g/kg diet. Treatments CON-SE, BMD-SE, and SDP-SE consisted of chicks that were given diets similar to CON, BMD, and SDP, respectively, and were each inoculated with 7.46 × 108 CFU SE /mL at 1 day of age. Experiment 2 was a 42-day trial that was similar to Experiment 1 in design, except that chicks were placed on fresh clean litter. On d 3, 7, 14, and 28 post-challenge (PC), ceca SE concentration was enumerated on xylose lysine tergitol-4 (XLT4) agar. Body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were also recorded. Results for d 3 showed that BMD- and SDP-fed chicks had similar (P > 0.05) cecal SE (3.39 log 10 CFU / g and 3.58 log 10 CFU / g, respectively), but these levels were lower (P < 0.05) than that of CON-fed chicks (5.68 log 10 CFU / g). A similar trend was observed on d 7 and 14 PC. The BMD- and SDP-fed chicks also had higher BWG and FCR (P < 0.05) when compared with CON-fed chicks up to d 14. Thereafter, only BMD treatment sustained this growth-promoting effect till d 42 in SE-challenged birds. In conclusion, BMD and SDP showed similar efficacy in reducing cecal Salmonella and in mitigating consequent growth-depressing effect(s) in broiler chicks up to 2 wk of age.}, number={7}, journal={Poultry Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Fasina, Yewande O. and Obanla, Temitayo O. and Ferket, Peter R. and Shah, Devendra H.}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={101134} }