@article{bobko_edwards_seracino_zia_2015, title={Thermal cracking of mass concrete bridge footings in coastal environments}, volume={29}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities}, author={Bobko, C. P. and Edwards, A. J. and Seracino, R. and Zia, P.}, year={2015} }
 @article{storm_rizkalla_zia_2013, title={Effects of production practices on camber of prestressed concrete bridge girders Response}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Storm, T. K. and Rizkalla, S. H. and Zia, P. Z.}, year={2013}, pages={143–144} }
 @article{klein_rizkalla_zia_lucier_2012, title={Development of a rational design methodology for precast concrete slender spandrel beams}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Klein, G. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P. and Lucier, G.}, year={2012}, pages={182–186} }
 @article{lucier_walter_rizkalla_zia_klein_2011, title={Development of a rational design methodology for precast concrete slender spandrel beams: Part 2, analysis and design guidelines}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.09012011.106.133}, abstractNote={This paper summarizes the results of an analytical research program undertaken to develop a rational design procedure for normalweight precast concrete slender spandrel beams. The analytical and rational models use test results and research findings of an extensive experimental program presented in the companion paper "Development of a Rational Design Methodology for Precast Concrete Slender Spandrel Beams: Part 1, Experimental Results," which appeared in the Spring 2011 issue of PCI Journal. The overall research effort demonstrated the validity of using open web reinforcement in precast concrete slender spandrel beams and proposed a simplified procedure for design. The webs of such slender spandrels, particularly in their end regions, are often heavily congested with reinforcing cages when designed with current procedures. The experimental and analytical results demonstrate that open web reinforcement designed according to the proposed procedure is safe and effective and provides an efficient alternative to traditional closed stirrups for precast concrete slender spandrel beams.}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Lucier, Gregory and Walter, C. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P. and Klein, G.}, year={2011}, pages={106–133} }
 @article{dwairi_wagner_kowalsky_zia_2010, title={Behavior of instrumented prestressed high performance concrete bridge girders}, volume={24}, ISSN={["0950-0618"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.026}, abstractNote={A comprehensive monitoring of the behavior of four prestressed high performance concrete (HPC) bridge girders, with higher compressive strength, during construction and while in-service, is presented. The monitoring program covered instrumentation and monitoring of a series of four girders during the casting operation, after construction, under the effects of traffic and thermal loads, as well as under controlled load conditions. Information regarding transfer length, prestress loss, heat of hydration, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), creep, shrinkage, coefficient of thermal expansion, and chloride permeability of the concrete used is obtained and presented. Furthermore, the in-service monitoring and controlled load tests and details regarding thermal expansion, bridge stiffness, and load distribution factors are also presented. This paper provides details of testing of the concrete properties and field instrumentation of the bridge girders as well as a discussion of service level monitoring and controlled load testing. Comparisons are made between experimental and theoretical results.}, number={11}, journal={CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS}, author={Dwairi, Hazim M. and Wagner, Matthew C. and Kowalsky, Mervyn J. and Zia, Paul}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={2294–2311} }
 @article{munikrishna_hosny_rizkalla_zia_2010, title={behavior of concrete beams reinforced with ASTM A1035 grade 100 stirrups under shear}, volume={108}, number={1}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Munikrishna, A. and Hosny, A. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P.}, year={2010}, pages={34–41} }
 @article{sumpter_rizkalla_zia_2009, title={Behavior of high-performance steel as shear reinforcement for concrete beams}, volume={106}, number={2}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Sumpter, M. S. and Rizkalla, S. H. and Zia, P.}, year={2009}, pages={171–177} }
 @article{seliem_hosny_rizkalla_zia_briggs_miller_darwin_browning_glass_hoyt_et al._2009, title={Bond characteristics of ASTM A1035 steel reinforcing bars}, volume={106}, number={4}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Seliem, H. M. and Hosny, A. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P. and Briggs, M. and Miller, S. and Darwin, D. and Browning, J. and Glass, G. M. and Hoyt, K. and et al.}, year={2009}, pages={530–539} }
 @article{rizkalla_zia_mirmiran_russell_mast_2009, title={Proposal for concrete compressive strength up to 18 ksi (124 Mpa) for bridge design}, number={2131}, journal={Transportation Research Record}, author={Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P. and Mirmiran, A. and Russell, H. G. and Mast, R.}, year={2009}, pages={59–67} }
 @article{logan_choi_mirmiran_rizkalla_zia_2009, title={Short-term mechanical properties of high-strength concrete}, volume={106}, number={5}, journal={ACI Materials Journal}, author={Logan, A. and Choi, W. and Mirmiran, A. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P.}, year={2009}, pages={413–418} }
 @article{choi_rizkalla_zia_mirmiran_2008, title={Behavior and design of high-strength prestressed concrete girders}, volume={53}, ISSN={["0887-9672"]}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.09012008.54.69}, abstractNote={This paper proposes provisions to extend the current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials' AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications to include prediction of the ultimate flexural strength of prestressed concrete girders with concrete compressive strengths up to 18 ksi (124 MPa). The proposed design provisions include composite action of a high-strength concrete (HSC) girder with normal-strength Concrete (NSC) deck slab. Nine 40-ft-long (12m) AASHTO Type II HSC girders were tested with and without cast-in-place NSC decks of differing widths to achieve various possible modes of failure. The concrete used for the girder was designed for three target compressive stregths of 10 ksi, 14 ksi, and 18 ksi (69 Mpa, 97 MPa, and 124 Mpa). The experimental program investigated failure modes of three different types of compression zones: one with NSC only, one with HSC only, and one with both NSC and HSC. All girders were tested to failure under static loading to study the different limit-state behaviors, including prestress losses, initiation of cracking, yielding, and final failure mode.}, number={5}, journal={PCI JOURNAL}, author={Choi, Wonchang and Rizkalla, Sami and Zia, Paul and Mirmiran, Amir}, year={2008}, pages={54–69} }
 @article{seliem_lucier_rizkalla_zia_2008, title={Behavior of concrete bridge decks reinforced with high-performance steel}, volume={105}, DOI={10.14359/19071}, abstractNote={This paper describes the behavior of concrete bridge decks reinforced with newly developed high-perfonnance (HPJ steel that is charac­ terized by its high stren gth mId en hanced corrosion-resistance in comparison with conventionaL ASTM A6JS-06 Grade 60 steel. The study presented herein included testing of three full-scale bridge decks with a span-depth ratio of 12.5. The first and second decks were constructed with the same reinforcement ratio using HP and Grade 60 steel, respectively. The third deck was reinforced with HP steel using 33% less reinforcement in an attempt to use its high strength. A nonlinear finite elemen t model was used to predict the mode offailure alldfailure loads. Test results demollstrate that the use of HP steel at a reduced reinforcement ratio is viable as flexural reinforcemellt in concrete bridge decks. The paper also presents the test results of specially-designed specimens to study the effect of bending of HP steel bars on their tensile strength.}, number={1}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Seliem, H. M. and Lucier, Gregory and Rizkalla, S. H. and Zia, P.}, year={2008}, pages={78–86} }
 @article{mertol_rizkalla_zia_mirmiran_2008, title={Characteristics of compressive stress distribution in high-strength concrete}, volume={105}, number={5}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Mertol, H. C. and Rizkalla, S. and Zia, P. and Mirmiran, A.}, year={2008}, pages={626–633} }
 @article{mast_dawood_rizkalla_zia_2008, title={Flexural strength design of concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel bars}, volume={105}, number={5}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Mast, R. F. and Dawood, M. and Rizkalla, S. H. and Zia, P.}, year={2008}, pages={570–577} }
 @article{hassan_seliem_dwairi_rizkalla_zia_2008, title={Shear behavior of large concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel}, volume={105}, number={2}, journal={ACI Structural Journal}, author={Hassan, T. K. and Seliem, H. M. and Dwairi, H. and Rizkalla, S. H. and Zia, P.}, year={2008}, pages={173–179} }
 @article{hassan_lucier_rizkalla_zia_2007, title={Modeling of L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels}, volume={52}, ISSN={["0887-9672"]}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.03012007.78.92}, abstractNote={This paper presents results of nonlinear finite element (FE) analyses conducted to model the behavior of L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels built with open web reinforcement. The FE model was calibrated using experimental results from recent tests of slender, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels. Detailed correlative studies between analytical and experimental results are provided, demonstrating the capability of the FE program to describe the observed experimental behavior. The feasibility of using open web reinforcement in compact, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels to achieve a more construction-friendly reinforcement scheme is also examined. Five different web reinforcement configurations for the compact spandrels were studied in order to evaluate the contribution of closed stirrups to the spandrels' shear-torsion behavior. The behavior, ultimate load-carrying capacity, and mode of failure of both the slender and compact L-shaped precast, prestressed concrete spandrels are presented. For loading values near the ultimate, the out-of-plane bending behavior of compact, L-shaped, precast, prestressed concrete spandrels is strongly influenced by the web-reinforcement configuration. Results from the analysis show that for long-span, compact spandrels, open web reinforcement can be used effectively to resist torsional forces throughout the member.}, number={2}, journal={PCI JOURNAL}, author={Hassan, Tarek and Lucier, Gregory and Rizkalla, Sarni and Zia, Paul}, year={2007}, pages={78–92} }
 @article{lucier_rizkalla_zia_klein_2007, title={Precast Concrete, L-Shaped Spandrels Revisited: Full-Scale Tests}, volume={52}, ISSN={0887-9672}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.03012007.62.76}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.03012007.62.76}, abstractNote={This paper presents results from full-scale testing conducted on 4 precast, prestressed concrete L-shaped spandrels. The 4 L-shaped spandrels were each loaded through 12-ft-long, prestressed double tees that rested on the spandrel ledge at one end and on an independent support at the other. None of the beams were constructed with closed stirrups of mild-steel reinforcement. Rather, different arrangements of transverse L-shaped bars, welded-wire reinforcement, and longitudinal bars were provided to resist the shear and torsion induced in the spandrels. Shear and torsion forces were created by the double-tee reaction forces that were loaded eccentrically to the spandrels. The transverse and longitudinal reinforcement resisted the combined effects of vertical shear and out-of-plane bending of the web and satisfied minimum vertical hanger reinforcement requirements for ledge-to-web attachment. All beams sustained loads in excess of their factored design loads. Eliminating the need for closed reinforcement in slender spandrels would be of significant benefit to the precast concrete industry. This design approach would enhance constructability of slender members, which could increase plant productivity and reduce overall costs. Behavior of all 4 spandrels at various limit states is presented, including crack patterns and failure modes. Researchers used these test results to better understand the fundamental mechanism developed in the L-shaped spandrels to resist shear and torsion.}, number={2}, journal={PCI Journal}, publisher={Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute}, author={Lucier, Gregory and Rizkalla, Sami and Zia, Paul and Klein, Gary}, year={2007}, month={Mar}, pages={62–76} }
 @misc{lucier_hassan_rizkalla_klein_zia_2007, title={Stirrups for torsion resistance prompt questions - Authors' response}, volume={52}, number={4}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Lucier, G. and Hassan, T. and Rizkalla, S. and Klein, G. and Zia, P.}, year={2007}, pages={14–14} }
 @article{zia_hsu_2004, title={Design for torsion and shear in prestressed concrete flexural members}, volume={49}, ISSN={["0887-9672"]}, DOI={10.15554/pcij.05012004.34.42}, abstractNote={This paper presents a unified method for the torsion and shear design of prestressed and non-prestressed concrete flexural members, and provides an alternative method to the provisions of the ACI Building Code. The method applies to rectangular, box and flanged sections such as L-beams. The approach depends on subdividing the given section into component rectangles. Equations are given for the shear and torsion web reinforcement of beams as well as expressions for the minimum reinforcement and required amount of longitudinal steel. The design method is illustrated with a fully worked numerical example of a spandrel beam. The shear and torsion provisions in the Sixth Edition of the PCI Design Handbook are based on the principles outlined in this paper, which will also be referenced in ACI 318-05. The design method has been shown to be reliable, accurate and easy to use.}, number={3}, journal={PCI JOURNAL}, author={Zia, P and Hsu, TTC}, year={2004}, pages={34-+} }
 @article{zia_hsu_2004, title={Design for torsion and shear in prestressed concrete flexural members - Author's closure}, volume={49}, number={6}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Zia, P. and Hsu, T. T. C.}, year={2004}, pages={132} }
 @article{zia_hsu_2004, title={Design for torsion and shear in prestressed concrete flexural members, II}, volume={49}, number={6}, journal={PCI Journal}, author={Zia, P. and Hsu, T. T. C.}, year={2004}, pages={132} }
 @article{guth_zia_2001, title={Evaluation of new air permeability test device for concrete}, volume={98}, number={1}, journal={ACI Materials Journal}, author={Guth, D. L. and Zia, P.}, year={2001}, pages={44–51} }