@article{hopkins_knappe_2024, title={Predicting per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances removal in pilot-scale granular activated carbon adsorbers from rapid small-scale column tests}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2577-8161"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1369}, DOI={10.1002/aws2.1369}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={AWWA WATER SCIENCE}, author={Hopkins, Zachary R. and Knappe, Detlef R. U.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @misc{dodds_alexander_kirkwood_foster_hopkins_knappe_baker_2021, title={From Pesticides to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: An Evaluation of Recent Targeted and Untargeted Mass Spectrometry Methods for Xenobiotics}, volume={93}, ISSN={["1520-6882"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04359}, DOI={10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04359}, abstractNote={Environmental analysis of xenobiotics is a challenging yet necessary undertaking to characterize pollution levels, assess the effectiveness of remediation interventions, and prevent adverse environmental and health outcomes. Xenobiotics are concerning from an environmental perspective due to their chemical persistence, toxicity to humans and wildlife, and prolific use in agricultural and industrial applications.1 Many xenobiotics are persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and the number of POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention is}, number={1}, journal={ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Dodds, James N. and Alexander, Nancy Lee M. and Kirkwood, Kaylie I and Foster, MaKayla R. and Hopkins, Zachary R. and Knappe, Detlef R. U. and Baker, Erin S.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={641–656} }
 @article{petre_genereux_koropeckyj-cox_knappe_duboscq_gilmore_hopkins_2021, title={Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Transport from Groundwater to Streams near a PFAS Manufacturing Facility in North Carolina, USA}, volume={55}, ISSN={["1520-5851"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c07978}, DOI={10.1021/acs.est.0c07978}, abstractNote={We quantified per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) transport from groundwater to five tributaries of the Cape Fear River near a PFAS manufacturing facility in North Carolina (USA). Hydrologic and PFAS data were coupled to quantify PFAS fluxes from groundwater to the tributaries. Up to 29 PFAS were analyzed, including perfluoroalkyl acids and recently identified fluoroethers. Total quantified PFAS (ΣPFAS) in groundwater was 20-4773 ng/L (mean = 1863 ng/L); the range for stream water was 426-3617 ng/L (mean = 1717 ng/L). Eight PFAS constituted 98% of ΣPFAS; perfluoro-2-(perfluoromethoxy)propanoic acid (PMPA) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) accounted for 61%. For PFAS discharge from groundwater to one tributary, values estimated from stream water measurements (18 ± 4 kg/yr) were similar to those from groundwater measurements in streambeds (22-25 ± 5 kg/yr). At baseflow, 32 ± 7 kg/yr of PFAS discharged from groundwater to the five tributaries, eventually reaching the Cape Fear River. Given the PFAS emission timeline at the site, groundwater data suggest the abundant fluoroethers moved through the subsurface to streams in ≪50 yr. Discharge of contaminated groundwater may lead to long-term contamination of surface water and impacts on downstream drinking water supplies. This work addresses a gap in the PFAS literature: quantifying PFAS mass transfer between groundwater and surface water using field data.}, number={9}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Petre, Marie-Amelie and Genereux, David P. and Koropeckyj-Cox, Lydia and Knappe, Detlef R. U. and Duboscq, Sandrine and Gilmore, Troy E. and Hopkins, Zachary R.}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={5848–5856} }