@inproceedings{feng_mcmillin_santiago_zhang_2015, title={Incremental cost consensus(ICC) and leaderless ICC implementations in FREEDM}, booktitle={2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)}, author={Feng, L. and McMillin, B. and Santiago, A. P. and Zhang, Z.}, year={2015} }
 @inproceedings{asr_zhang_chow_2013, title={Consensus-based distributed energy management with real-time pricing}, DOI={10.1109/pesmg.2013.6672511}, abstractNote={Energy management is becoming a crucial issue in the future power grid system as more controllable energy resources and responsive loads with communications abilities are being introduced into the smart grid. This paper proposes a novel distributed approach to deal with energy management in the smart grid under dispatchable distributed generators and responsive loads using real-time pricing (RTP) and consensus networks to maximize the social welfare. In our algorithm, each distributed generation/consumer unit, in response to the local price of energy, decides on its optimal power generation/ consumption level to maximize its benefit at the device level. However, the consensus-based coordination of price among local retailers drives the behavior of the overall system toward the global optimum, despite the greedy behavior of the generation and consumer units. The main features of our algorithm are computational and communicational scalability, as well as privacy of information.}, booktitle={2013 ieee power and energy society general meeting (pes)}, author={Asr, N. R. and Zhang, Z. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2013} }
 @inproceedings{zhang_zhang_chow_2013, title={Distributed energy management under smart grid plug-and-play operations}, DOI={10.1109/pesmg.2013.6672509}, abstractNote={With the increasing penetration of distributed generation, the plug-and-play energy resources or energy storage devices will become a required functionality of future power systems. Effective distributed control algorithms could be embedded in distributed controllers to allocate energy among the generating systems economically when a plug-and-play operation is performed. The Incremental Cost Consensus (ICC) algorithm can solve this kind of Economic Dispatch Problem (EDP) in a distributed fashion. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate the performance of the ICC algorithm under smart grid plug-and-play operations.}, booktitle={2013 ieee power and energy society general meeting (pes)}, author={Zhang, Z. and Zhang, Y. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2013} }
 @article{zhang_chow_2012, title={Convergence Analysis of the Incremental Cost Consensus Algorithm Under Different Communication Network Topologies in a Smart Grid}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1558-0679"]}, DOI={10.1109/tpwrs.2012.2188912}, abstractNote={In a smart grid, effective distributed control algorithms could be embedded in distributed controllers to properly allocate electrical power among connected buses autonomously. By selecting the incremental cost of each generation unit as the consensus variable, the incremental cost consensus (ICC) algorithm is able to solve the conventional centralized economic dispatch problem in a distributed manner. The mathematical formulation of the algorithm has been presented in this paper. The results of several case studies have also been presented to show that the difference between network topologies will influence the convergence rate of the ICC algorithm.}, number={4}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS}, author={Zhang, Ziang and Chow, Mo-Yuen}, year={2012}, month={Nov}, pages={1761–1768} }
 @inproceedings{zhang_chow_2011, title={Incremental cost consensus algorithm in a smart grid environment}, DOI={10.1109/pes.2011.6039422}, abstractNote={In a next generation power system, effective distributed control algorithms could be embedded in distributed controllers to properly allocate electrical power among connected buses autonomously. In this paper, we present a novel approach to solve the economic dispatch problem. By selecting the incremental cost of each generation unit as the consensus variable, the algorithm is able to solve the conventional centralized control problem in a distributed manner. The row-stochastic matrices have been used to indicate the different topologies of distribution systems and their configuration properties, such as convergence speeds. The simulation results of several case studies are provided to verify the algorithm.}, booktitle={2011 ieee power and energy society general meeting}, author={Zhang, Z. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{zhang_chow_2011, title={The leader election criterion for decentralized economic dispatch using incremental cost consensus algorithm}, DOI={10.1109/iecon.2011.6119743}, abstractNote={In a smart grid, effective distributed control algorithms could be embedded in distributed controllers to properly allocate electrical power among connected buses autonomously. By selecting the incremental cost of each generation unit as the consensus variable, the Incremental Cost Consensus (ICC) algorithm is able to solve the conventional centralized economic dispatch problem in a distributed manner. The mathematical formulation of the algorithm is presented in this paper. The results of several case studies are also presented to show that the difference between network topologies will influence the convergence rate of the ICC algorithm.}, booktitle={Iecon 2011: 37th annual conference on ieee industrial electronics society}, author={Zhang, Z. and Chow, M. Y.}, year={2011} }