2024 journal article

Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of sotalol hydrochloride in healthy cats

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CARDIOLOGY, 51, 86–96.

author keywords: Antiarrhythmic; Potassium-channel blocker; Beta-adrenergic block-er; Feline; Tachyarrhythmia
TL;DR: Oral sotalol administration resulted in plasma concentrations reportedly efficacious in other species, with good to excellent oral bioavailability, and urinary excretion appears to be a major route of elimination in healthy cats. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: January 29, 2024

To describe the single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and urinary elimination of sotalol in healthy cats. Six adult purpose-bred cats. Cats were administered 2 mg sotalol/kg body weight as a single intravenous bolus and as a single oral dose in a randomized crossover study with a 2-week washout period. The same cats then received 3 mg sotalol/kg orally every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Blood samples were collected at pre-determined time points for 48 hours post-dose for quantification of sotalol using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Non-compartmental analysis was used to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters. Data are presented as median (min-max). Following intravenous administration, plasma clearance and volume of distribution were 9.22 mL/min/kg (5.69-10.89) and 2175.56 (1961-2341.57) mL/kg, respectively. Bioavailability was 88.41% (62.75-130.29) following a single oral dose. Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and time to Cmax were 0.94 μg/mL (0.45-1.17) and 1.5 h (0.5-4) after a single oral dose (2 mg/kg), and 2.29 μg/mL (1.91-2.48) and 1.0 h (0.5-1.5) with chronic oral dosing (3 mg/kg). Elimination half-life was 2.75 hours (2.52-4.10) and 4.29 hours (3.33-5.53) for single and chronic oral dosing, respectively. Accumulation index was 1.17 (1.09-1.29) after chronic dosing. Urinary sotalol recovery was 81-108% of the intravenous dose. Oral sotalol administration resulted in plasma concentrations reportedly efficacious in other species, with good-to-excellent oral bioavailability. Urinary excretion appears to be a major route of elimination. Following repeated oral dosing, minimal drug accumulation was estimated. Additional studies in cats are recommended due to the possibility of nonlinear kinetics.