2013 journal article
The red clover necrotic mosaic virus capsid protein N-terminal amino acids possess specific RNA binding activity and are required for stable virion assembly
VIRUS RESEARCH, 176(1-2), 107–118.
author keywords: RCNMV; Virus assembly; RNA-CP interactions; TABS; TA; Co-packaging
MeSH headings : Capsid Proteins / genetics; Capsid Proteins / metabolism; DNA Mutational Analysis; RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics; RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism; Sequence Deletion; Tombusviridae / genetics; Tombusviridae / physiology; Virion / metabolism; Virus Assembly
TL;DR:
The N-terminal region of the CP is involved in both producing two virion populations due to its RNA binding properties and virion stability and was indispensable for stable virion formation and the region spanning CP residues 5-15 is required for systemic movement.
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The red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) bipartite RNA genome is packaged into two virion populations containing either RNA-1 and RNA-2 or multiple copies of RNA-2 only. To understand this distinctive packaging scheme, we investigated the RNA-binding properties of the RCNMV capsid protein (CP). Maltose binding protein-CP fusions exhibited the highest binding affinities for RNA probes containing the RNA-2 trans-activator or the 3' non-coding region from RNA-1. Other viral and non-viral RNA probes displayed CP binding but to a much lower degree. Deletion of the highly basic N-terminal 50 residues abolished CP binding to viral RNA transcripts. In planta studies of select CP deletion mutants within this N-terminal region revealed that it was indispensable for stable virion formation and the region spanning CP residues 5-15 is required for systemic movement. Thus, the N-terminal region of the CP is involved in both producing two virion populations due to its RNA binding properties and virion stability.