NC Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit

Recent Works

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Sorted by most recent date added to the index first, which may not be the same as publication date order.

2024 journal article

Distribution, Occupancy, and Habitat of the Endangered Carolina Madtom: Implications for Recovery of an Endemic Stream Fish

FISHES, 9(11).

author keywords: endangered species; conservation; microhabitat; biodiversity
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior; Water Quality and Resources Studies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: November 7, 2024

2024 article

The effects of flow extremes on native and non-native stream fishes in Puerto Rico

Myers, B. J. E., Engman, A. C., Ramirez, A., Torres-Molinari, A., Lynch, A. J., Eaton, M. J., … Kwak, T. J. (2024, July 19). FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, Vol. 7.

By: B. Myers n, A. Engman*, A. Ramirez n, A. Torres-Molinari n, A. Lynch*, M. Eaton n, P. Cooney*, T. Kwak n

author keywords: extreme flows; fish assemblage structure; island ecosystems; native and non-native species; tropical rivers
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Fish biology, ecology, and behavior; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 22, 2024

2024 journal article

Thermal Threats to Freshwater Mussels: An Empirical Stream Assessment

Diversity, 16(1), 37.

By: T. Pandolfo n, W. Cope n, D. Weaver n, T. Kwak n & B. Hoeksema

author keywords: Unionidae; climate change; global change; thermal buffer; fish; temperature; substrate; exceedance; species richness
topics (OpenAlex): Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior; Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
TL;DR: Fish species richness was related to the thermal regime, indicating that species interactions may be an important driver of freshwater mussel responses to global change, and models estimating the relation between the water column and substrate temperatures more realistically characterize ambient temperature exposures more realistically characterize ambient temperature exposures. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: February 2, 2024

2023 article

Panmixia in the American eel extends to its tropical range of distribution: Biological implications and policymaking challenges

Ulmo-Diaz, G., Engman, A., Mclarney, W. O., Alcala, C. A. L., Hendrickson, D., Bezault, E., … Bernatchez, L. (2023, November 17). EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS.

By: G. Ulmo-Diaz*, A. Engman*, W. Mclarney*, C. Alcala*, D. Hendrickson*, E. Bezault*, E. Feunteun*, F. Prats-Leon* ...

co-author countries: Canada 🇨🇦 Colombia 🇨🇴 Cuba 🇨🇺 France 🇫🇷 Guadeloupe 🇬🇵 Trinidad and Tobago 🇹🇹
author keywords: American Eel; Anguilla; panmixia; population structure
topics (OpenAlex): Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species; Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
TL;DR: It is confirmed that panmixia extends to the tropical range of the American eel, with two genomic regions with putative inversions observed, both geographically widespread and present at similar frequencies in all regions. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: December 18, 2023

2023 article

Habitat niche dynamics of the sicklefin redhorse: a southern Appalachian Mountain habitat specialist

Favrot, S. D., & Kwak, T. J. (2023, September 27). ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES.

By: S. Favrot n & T. Kwak n

author keywords: Sucker; Catostomidae; Microhabitat; Suitability; Niche; Specialist
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior; Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
TL;DR: The authors' adult sicklefin redhorse annual, seasonal, and spawning HSCs, multivariate habitat niche characterizations, spawning substrate analyses, and foraging habitat descriptions can guide habitat conservation and restoration throughout the species’ geographic range. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: October 16, 2023

2023 article

Assessing the Toxicity of Sea Salt to Early Life Stages of Freshwater Mussels: Implications for Sea Level Rise in Coastal Rivers

Mciver II, J. K., Cope, W. G., Bringolf, R. B., Kwak, T. J., Watson, B., Maynard, A., & Mair, R. (2023, September 20). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, Vol. 9.

By: J. Mciver II, W. Cope n, R. Bringolf*, T. Kwak n, B. Watson, A. Maynard, R. Mair*

author keywords: Sea salt toxicity; Climate change; Freshwater mussel; Median effect concentration (EC50); Acute toxicity; Salinization
MeSH headings : Animals; Ecosystem; Sea Level Rise; Bivalvia; Fresh Water / chemistry; Unionidae; Sodium Chloride / toxicity; Chlorides; Seafood; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior; Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
TL;DR: The results show that acute exposure to sea salt adversely affects freshwater mussels viability, particularly glochidia, and this information can be used to enhance freshwater mussel conservation strategies in regions that are or will be impacted by climate‐induced sea level rise and associated freshwater salinization. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 10, 2023

2023 article

Patterns in longitudinal distribution of American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) population characteristics in rivers of Puerto Rico

Torres-Molinari, A., Engman, A. C., Pacifici, K., Dolloff, C. A., Myers, B. J. E., & Kwak, T. J. (2023, July 18). FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY, Vol. 7.

By: A. Torres-Molinari n, A. Engman*, K. Pacifici n, C. Dolloff*, B. Myers n & T. Kwak n

author keywords: Anguilla rostrata; Caribbean; dams; population characteristics; rivers; sex determination
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species; Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
TL;DR: This first island-wide study to evaluate the distribution of density, length, and sex in relation to distance from the mouth of 23 stream reaches in five rivers in Puerto Rico indicates that Puerto Rico could significantly contribute to the spawning population and strengthen knowledge of American Eel in the Caribbean. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 7, 2023

2022 article

Reducing uncertainty in climate change responses of inland fishes: A decision-path approach

Lynch, A. J., Myers, B. J. E., Wong, J. P., Chu, C., Tingley, R. W., Falke, J. A., … Krabbenhoft, T. J. (2022, May 25). CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE, Vol. 5.

co-author countries: Canada 🇨🇦
author keywords: confidence metrics; data-poor; decision support; Fish and Climate Change database "FiCli"; freshwater fishes; natural resource management; synthesis tool
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Physiological and biochemical adaptations; Species Distribution and Climate Change
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (OpenAlex)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: May 25, 2022

2021 article

Catfish 2020, A Clear Vision of the Future

Porath, M. T., Kwak, T. J., Neely, B. C., & Shoup, D. E. (2021, September 12). NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, Vol. 41.

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Fish Biology and Ecology Studies; Marine and fisheries research
TL;DR: Ecology, fisheries management, and techniques were the most published topics in the three international catfish symposia, and future research and management efforts will continue similar work but also seek to address the expanding role of catfish as invasive species and a better understanding of the ecology and conservation of small-bodied native catfish. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 14, 2021

2021 journal article

Big runs of little fish: first estimates of run size and exploitation in an amphidromous postlarvae fishery

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES, 78(7), 905–912.

By: A. Engman n, T. Kwak n & J. Fischer n

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Marine and fisheries research; Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
TL;DR: The first simultaneous estimates of an APF run size and harvest are presented, revealing the first empirical evidence that amphidromous migrations are large-magnitude material subsidies of lotic ecosystems. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 19, 2021

2021 journal article

Survival and Contaminants in Imperiled and Common Riverine Fishes Assessed with an In Situ Bioassay Approach

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 40(8), 2206–2219.

By: C. Grieshaber n, W. Cope n, T. Kwak n, T. Penland n, R. Heise* & J. Mac Law n

author keywords: Polychlorinated biphenyls; Mercury; Kaplan-Meier; Endocrine disruption; Robust redhorse
MeSH headings : Animals; Bass; Biological Assay; Cyprinidae; Cypriniformes; Ecosystem; Rivers; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity
topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology; Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts; Mercury impact and mitigation studies
TL;DR: Contaminants and other water quality stressors in this river system appear to detrimentally impact juvenile fish survival with presumed effects at the fish assemblage and community levels. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 6, 2021

2021 journal article

Genetic Structure and Diversity of the Endemic Carolina Madtom and Conservation Implications

NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, 41(S1), S27–S41.

topics (OpenAlex): Genetic diversity and population structure; Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
TL;DR: The genetic structure of the Carolina Madtom Noturus furiosus is not studied, and given recent population declines in both basins, identification of remaining genetic diversity within the species is vital for informing conservation efforts. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
15. Life on Land (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: April 24, 2021

2020 journal article

Trophodynamics of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Food Web of a Large Atlantic Slope River

Environmental Science & Technology, 54(11), 6800–6811.

By: T. Penland n, W. Cope n, T. Kwak n, M. Strynar*, C. Grieshaber n, R. Heise*, F. Sessions*

MeSH headings : Alkanesulfonic Acids / analysis; Animals; Environmental Monitoring; Fluorocarbons / analysis; Food Chain; Humans; North Carolina; Rivers; South Carolina; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research; Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
TL;DR: The prevalence of PFASs in a freshwater food web with potential implications for ecological and human health is demonstrated, with most detections and greatest concentrations in aquatic insects. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: May 13, 2020

2020 article

FiCli, the Fish and Climate Change Database, informs climate adaptation and management for freshwater fishes

Krabbenhoft, T. J., Myers, B. J. E., Wong, J. P., Chu, C., Tingley, R. W., III, Falke, J. A., … Lynch, A. J. (2020, April 21). SCIENTIFIC DATA, Vol. 7.

co-author countries: Canada 🇨🇦
MeSH headings : Animals; Climate Change; Conservation of Natural Resources; Ecosystem; Fishes / physiology; Fresh Water; Systematic Reviews as Topic
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
TL;DR: The FiCli database, FiCli (pronounced fick-lee), is updatable and provides access to comprehensive published information to inform inland fish conservation and adaptation planning in a changing climate. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: May 8, 2020

2019 journal article

Evaluation of Artificial Cover Units as a Sampling Technique and Habitat Enhancement for Madtoms in Rivers

NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, 39(4), 778–787.

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 9, 2019

2019 journal article

Growth, Condition, and Trophic Relations of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY, 148(4), 771–784.

By: J. Fischer n, T. Kwak n, H. Flowers n, W. Cope n, J. Rash* & D. Besler*

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Isotope Analysis in Ecology; Marine and fisheries research
TL;DR: Evaluated the growth, condition, and trophic relations of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Brown Trout Salmo trutta, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that were stocked in southern Appalachian Mountain streams in western North Carolina to provide critical insight on the trophics of stocked trout and may assist in developing and enhancing stream trout fisheries. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 5, 2019

2019 journal article

Fish Assemblages and Fisheries Resources in Puerto Rico's Riverine Estuaries

MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES, 11(2), 189–201.

By: A. Engman n, T. Kwak n, J. Fischer n & C. Lilyestrom*

co-author countries: Puerto Rico 🇵🇷
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies; Marine and fisheries research
TL;DR: The results provide the best available information about the spatial variability of assemblages and fisheries resources, which will benefit future conservation and fisheries management efforts, which are needed due to increasing anthropogenic impacts, such as illegal harvest, invasive species, and water diversions. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 1, 2019

2019 journal article

Puerto Rico Sicydium goby diversity: species-specific insights on population structures and distributions

NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY, 5(1), 22–29.

By: A. Engman n, G. Hogue*, W. Starnes*, M. Raley & T. Kwak n

author keywords: Gobiidae; amphidromous; Sicydiinae; biodiversity; conservation
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Biology and Ecology Studies; Fish biology, ecology, and behavior; Identification and Quantification in Food
TL;DR: Information is revealed on the spatial patterns of distribution, relative abundance, population structure, and observed molecular diversity among Sicydium taxa in Puerto Rico’s river systems that is essential to advance ecological and evolutionary knowledge of Caribbean fish assemblages, guide stream fish conservation, and to effectively manage fisheries. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: May 6, 2019

2018 journal article

Toward a Resilience-Based Conservation Strategy for Wetlands in Puerto Rico: Meeting Challenges Posed by Environmental Change

WETLANDS, 39(6), 1255–1269.

author keywords: Adaptation strategies; Coastal wetlands; Decision models; Eleutherodactylus spp.; Puerto Rico; Resiliency; Sicydium spp.; Vulnerability; Watershed
topics (OpenAlex): Land Use and Ecosystem Services; Climate change impacts on agriculture; Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: March 30, 2020

2018 journal article

Behavior and Survival of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY, 148(1), 3–20.

By: H. Flowers n, T. Kwak n, J. Fischer n, W. Cope n, J. Rash* & D. Besler*

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
TL;DR: River-specific differences in emigration and mortality suggested that emigration was a greater source of trout loss than mortality in all rivers; no pattern related to river size was apparent in em migration, but mortality was greater in small streams. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 11, 2019

2018 journal article

Ecology and conservation of the American eel in the Caribbean region

FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY, 26(1), 42–52.

By: T. Kwak n, A. Engman n & C. Lilyestrom*

co-author countries: Puerto Rico 🇵🇷
author keywords: Anguilla rostrata; Anguillicoloides crassus; dams; fish distribution; Puerto Rico; river
topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Fish biology, ecology, and behavior; Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
TL;DR: Realised threats include dams and other migratory barriers, habitat loss and alteration and pollution; exotic species and commercial fishing are impending threats; and the least understood is climate change. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 28, 2019

2018 journal article

A Comparison of the chemical sensitivities between in vitro and in vivo propagated juvenile freshwater mussels: Implications for standard toxicity testing

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 37(12), 3077–3085.

By: A. Popp n, W. Cope n, M. McGregor*, T. Kwak*, T. Augspurger*, J. Levine n, L. Koch*

author keywords: Mussel propagation; Copper; Nickel; Ammonia; Unionid
MeSH headings : Aging / physiology; Animals; Bivalvia / drug effects; Fresh Water; Larva / drug effects; Reference Standards; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity; Water Quality
topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology; Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior; Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
TL;DR: In vitro propagated juvenile mussels may be appropriate for use in ASTM International‐based toxicity testing, and differences in chemical sensitivity exist between in vitro and in vivo propagated juveniles, they are within normal toxicity test variation. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: December 17, 2018

2018 journal article

Relation of contaminants to fish intersex in riverine sport fishes

Science of The Total Environment, 643, 73–89.

By: C. Grieshaber n, T. Penland n, T. Kwak n, W. Cope n, R. Heise*, J. Law n, D. Shea n, D. Aday n ...

Contributors: C. Grieshaber n, T. Penland n, T. Kwak n, W. Cope n, R. Heise*, J. Law n, D. Shea n, D. Aday n, J. Rice n, S. Kullman n

author keywords: Endocrine active compounds; Endocrine disruption; Bass; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Ethinylestradiol; Mercury
MeSH headings : Animals; Disorders of Sex Development / epidemiology; Disorders of Sex Development / veterinary; Environmental Monitoring; Female; Fish Diseases / epidemiology; Fishes / physiology; Male; North Carolina; Rivers / chemistry; South Carolina; Sports; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis; Water Pollution, Chemical / statistics & numerical data
topics (OpenAlex): Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species; Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
TL;DR: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ethinylestradiol, and heavy metals were the most prevalent contaminants that exceeded effect levels for the protection of aquatic organisms and principal component analysis identified waterborne PAHs as the most correlated environmental contaminant with intersex occurrence and severity in black bass and sunfish. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: October 16, 2018

2018 journal article

Selenium, Mercury, and Their Molar Ratio in Sportfish from Drinking Water Reservoirs

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), 1864.

By: T. Johnson n, C. LePrevost n, T. Kwak n & W. Cope n

author keywords: mercury; selenium; selenium:mercury molar ratio; selenium health benefit value; reservoir; bluegill; crappie; largemouth bass; fish consumption; risk assessment
MeSH headings : Animals; Child; Drinking Water / chemistry; Environmental Monitoring; Fishes; Fresh Water; Humans; Mercury / analysis; North Carolina; Risk Assessment; Selenium / analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Mercury impact and mitigation studies; Selenium in Biological Systems; Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the measures of Se protection may be unnecessarily conservative or that the USEPA Hg threshold may not be sufficiently protective of human health, especially the health of sensitive populations like pregnant or nursing mothers and young children. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID, Crossref
Added: October 16, 2018

2018 journal article

Behavior and Reproductive Ecology of the Sicklefin Redhorse: An Imperiled Southern Appalachian Mountain Fish

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY, 147(1), 204–222.

By: S. Favrot n & T. Kwak n

topics (OpenAlex): Fish Ecology and Management Studies; Fish Biology and Ecology Studies; Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
TL;DR: It is suggested that protection and restoration of river continuity, natural flow regimes, seasonally appropriate water temperatures, and geographic range expansion are critical components to include in Sicklefin Redhorse conservation planning. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
15. Life on Land (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

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