2015 journal article

Black Currant Anthocyanins Attenuate Weight Gain and Improve Glucose Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Mice with Intact, but Not Disrupted, Gut Microbiome

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 63(27), 6172–6180.

By: D. Esposito n , T. Damsud  n, M. Wilson n, M. Grace n , R. Strauch n, X. Li n , M. Lila n , S. Komarnytsky n 

author keywords: gastrointestinal tract; gut microbiome; obesity; inflammation; functional food
MeSH headings : Animals; Anthocyanins / administration & dosage; Anthocyanins / chemistry; Fruit / chemistry; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects; Glucose / metabolism; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Obese; Obesity / drug therapy; Obesity / metabolism; Obesity / microbiology; Obesity / physiopathology; Plant Extracts / administration & dosage; Plant Extracts / chemistry; Ribes / chemistry; Weight Gain / drug effects
TL;DR: The data clearly demonstrate that gut microbiome and the type of the anthocyanin aglycone moiety can alter the protective effect of Anthocyanins against obesity and associated insulin resistance. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) is a rich source of anthocyanins; however, the relationship between their apparently limited bioavailability and significant protection against metabolic pathologies is poorly understood. This study examined the gastrointestinal distribution of black currant anthocyanins and their phenolic acid metabolites in lean and diet-induced obese mice with healthy and antibiotic-disrupted microbiomes. Daily consumption of low- or high-fat diet supplemented with 1% black currant powdered extract (32% anthocyanins) for 8 weeks reduced body weight gain and improved glucose metabolism only in mice with the intact gut microbiome. Administration of antibiotic cocktail resulted in a 16-25-fold increase (P < 0.001) in anthocyanin content of feces, and cyanidin-based anthocyanins showed the largest increase in fecal content upon disruption of gut microbiome (92.3 ± 16.3 vs 4719 ± 158 μg/g feces), indicating their high susceptibility to microbial degradation in the gut. A 3-fold enrichment (P < 0.05) in gallic over protocatechuic acid was observed in the jejunum of both intact and antibiotic-treated animals, suggesting that this effect was likely independent of their gut microbiome status. Taken together, the data clearly demonstrate that gut microbiome and the type of the anthocyanin aglycone moiety can alter the protective effect of anthocyanins against obesity and associated insulin resistance.