2021 journal article
Clostridioides difficile exploits toxin-mediated inflammation to alter the host nutritional landscape and exclude competitors from the gut microbiota
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 12(1).
MeSH headings : Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects; Bacterial Proteins / genetics; Bacterial Proteins / metabolism; Bacterial Toxins / genetics; Bacterial Toxins / immunology; Bacterial Toxins / metabolism; Bacteroides / drug effects; Bacteroides / metabolism; Clostridioides difficile / genetics; Clostridioides difficile / immunology; Clostridioides difficile / metabolism; Clostridium Infections / immunology; Clostridium Infections / microbiology; Clostridium Infections / pathology; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix / metabolism; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / immunology; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / immunology; Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics; Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa / immunology; Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology; Intestinal Mucosa / pathology; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases / metabolism; Mice; Nutrients / metabolism; Proteolysis; RNA, Bacterial / genetics; RNA, Bacterial / isolation & purification; RNA-Seq; Sigma Factor / genetics; Sigma Factor / immunology; Sigma Factor / metabolism; Transcriptome / immunology
TL;DR:
Insight is provided into how toxin-induced inflammation alters C. difficile metabolism, host tissue gene expression and gut microbiota, together influencing a beneficial niche for infection.
(via Semantic Scholar)
open access via www.nature.com (publisher PDF)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger
(OpenAlex)
3. Good Health and Well-being
(Web of Science)
Source: Web Of Science
Added: March 1, 2021
AbstractClostridioides difficile is a bacterial pathogen that causes a range of clinical disease from mild to moderate diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, and toxic megacolon. Typically, C. difficile infections (CDIs) occur after antibiotic treatment, which alters the gut microbiota, decreasing colonization resistance against C. difficile. Disease is mediated by two large toxins and the expression of their genes is induced upon nutrient depletion via the alternative sigma factor TcdR. Here, we use tcdR mutants in two strains of C. difficile and omics to investigate how toxin-induced inflammation alters C. difficile metabolism, tissue gene expression and the gut microbiota, and to determine how inflammation by the host may be beneficial to C. difficile. We show that C. difficile metabolism is significantly different in the face of inflammation, with changes in many carbohydrate and amino acid uptake and utilization pathways. Host gene expression signatures suggest that degradation of collagen and other components of the extracellular matrix by matrix metalloproteinases is a major source of peptides and amino acids that supports C. difficile growth in vivo. Lastly, the inflammation induced by C. difficile toxin activity alters the gut microbiota, excluding members from the genus Bacteroides that are able to utilize the same essential nutrients released from collagen degradation.