Stephen H. Stauffer

Works (14)

Updated: July 5th, 2023 21:22

2020 journal article

Association of fecal sample collection technique and treatment history with Tritrichomonas foetus polymerase chain reaction test results in 1717 cats

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, 34(2), 734–741.

By: B. Hedgespeth n, S. Stauffer n, J. Robertson n  & J. Gookin n 

author keywords: diarrhea; retrospective; risk factors; ronidazole
MeSH headings : Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents / therapeutic use; Cat Diseases / diagnosis; Cat Diseases / drug therapy; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats; Feces / parasitology; Female; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary; Protozoan Infections, Animal / diagnosis; Protozoan Infections, Animal / drug therapy; Protozoan Infections, Animal / parasitology; Retrospective Studies; Ronidazole / therapeutic use; Specimen Handling / veterinary; Tritrichomonas foetus / isolation & purification; United States
TL;DR: Results of this study support that fecal samples collected by loop might be better for PCR diagnosis of T. foetus infection and Lack of association of ronidazole with PCR test results and a 21% all‐potential‐causes failure rate of rONidazoles in cats with preconfirmed infection are important limitations to use of this drug. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 27, 2020

2014 journal article

Cysteine Protease Activity of Feline Tritrichomonas foetus Promotes Adhesion-Dependent Cytotoxicity to Intestinal Epithelial Cells

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 82(7), 2851–2859.

By: M. Tolbert *, S. Stauffer n, M. Brand* & J. Gookin n 

MeSH headings : Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line; Cysteine Proteases / genetics; Cysteine Proteases / metabolism; Epithelial Cells / parasitology; Epithelial Cells / physiology; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Intestinal Mucosa / cytology; Swine; Tritrichomonas foetus / enzymology
TL;DR: The present studies are the first to examine the cellular mechanisms of pathogenicity of T. foetus toward the intestinal epithelium and support further investigation of the cysteine proteases as virulence factors in vivo and as potential therapeutic targets for ameliorating the pathological effects of intestinal trichomonosis. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Mortality in Kittens Is Associated with a Shift in Ileum Mucosa-Associated Enterococci from Enterococcus hirae to Biofilm-Forming Enterococcus faecalis and Adherent Escherichia coli

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, 51(11), 3567–3578.

By: A. Ghosh *, L. Borst n , S. Stauffer n, M. Suyemoto n, P. Moisan*, L. Zurek *, J. Gookin n 

MeSH headings : Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biofilms / growth & development; Biota; Cat Diseases / microbiology; Cat Diseases / mortality; Cats; Enteritis / microbiology; Enteritis / mortality; Enteritis / veterinary; Enterococcus / isolation & purification; Enterococcus / physiology; Escherichia coli / isolation & purification; Escherichia coli / physiology; Ileum / microbiology; Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology
TL;DR: A significant difference is identified in the species of enterococci cultured from the ileum mucosa of kittens with terminal illness compared to the species cultured from healthy kittens, which is identified as more common and extensive in healthy kittens than in sick kittens. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Feline Tritichomonas foetus adhere to the intestinal epithelium by receptor-ligand-dependent mechanisms

Veterinary Parasitology, 192(1-3), 75–82.

By: M. Tolbert n, S. Stauffer n & J. Gookin n 

author keywords: Tritrichomonas foetus; Intestine; Epithelium; Adhesion; Protozoa; Diarrhea; Model
MeSH headings : Animals; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Diarrhea / parasitology; Diarrhea / veterinary; Epithelial Cells / parasitology; Intestinal Mucosa / parasitology; Ligands; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Models, Biological; Protozoan Infections, Animal / parasitology; Swine; Trichomonadida / metabolism; Trichomonadida / physiology; Tritium; Tritrichomonas foetus / metabolism; Tritrichomonas foetus / physiology; Trophozoites
TL;DR: Based on saturation and competition binding experiments, adherence of feline TF to the epithelium occurred via specific receptor-ligand interactions, and the developed model provides a valuable resource for assessing pathogenic mechanisms of f cat TF and developing novel pharmacologic therapies for blocking the adhesion. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Documentation of In Vivo and In Vitro Aerobic Resistance of Feline Tritrichomonas foetus Isolates to Ronidazole

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, 24(4), 1003–1007.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Stauffer n, D. Dybas & D. Cannon*

author keywords: 5-nitroimidazole; Feline; Resistance; Treatment; Trichomonas
MeSH headings : Aerobiosis; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology; Cat Diseases / drug therapy; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats; Drug Resistance; Male; Metronidazole / pharmacology; Metronidazole / therapeutic use; Ronidazole / pharmacology; Tinidazole / pharmacology; Tinidazole / therapeutic use; Tritrichomonas foetus / drug effects
TL;DR: Clinical resistance to metronidazole, low efficacy of tinidrazole, and present documentation of in vivo and in vitro resistance to ronidazoles in some cats are consistent with a high level of cross resistance of feline T. foetus to 5-nitroimidazol drugs. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Evaluation of four DNA extraction methods for the detection of Tritrichomonas foetus in feline stool specimens by polymerase chain reaction

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION, 20(5), 639–641.

By: S. Stauffer n, A. Birkenheuer n , M. Levy n, H. Marr n & J. Gookin n 

author keywords: Cats; feces; polymerase chain reaction; protozoa
MeSH headings : Animals; Cat Diseases / diagnosis; Cat Diseases / economics; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats; Costs and Cost Analysis; DNA, Protozoan / genetics; DNA, Protozoan / isolation & purification; Feces / parasitology; North Carolina; Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / isolation & purification; Trichomonas / genetics; Trichomonas Infections / diagnosis; Trichomonas Infections / economics; Trichomonas Infections / veterinary
TL;DR: In the present study, 4 commercially available DNA extraction methods were examined for their influence on the sensitivity of PCR for the detection of Tritrichomonas foetus in feline stool and the ZR Fecal DNA kit was identified as affording the greatest analytical sensitivity and reproducibility. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Induction of arginase II by intestinal epithelium promotes the uptake of L-arginine from the lumen of Cryptosporidium parvum-infected porcine ileum

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION, 47(4), 417–427.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Stauffer n & M. Stone n

author keywords: epithelial transport; nitric oxide; polyamines
MeSH headings : Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginase / genetics; Arginase / metabolism; Arginine / metabolism; Atrophy; Biological Transport / genetics; Carrier Proteins / metabolism; Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 1 / genetics; Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 1 / metabolism; Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 2 / genetics; Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 2 / metabolism; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cryptosporidiosis / enzymology; Cryptosporidiosis / physiopathology; Cryptosporidium parvum; Ileum / metabolism; Ileum / parasitology; Ileum / physiopathology; Intestinal Mucosa / enzymology; Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism; Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors; Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis; Nitric Oxide Synthase / metabolism; Swine
TL;DR: Intracellular catabolism by arginase II, the induction of which has not been described previously for intestinal epithelium, facilitates uptake of L-arginine by infected epithelia using transport systems that do not differ from those of uninfected cells. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Oral Delivery of L-arginine Stimulates Prostaglandin-dependent Secretory Diarrhea in Cryptosporidium parvum–infected Neonatal Piglets

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 46(2), 139–146.

By: J. Gookin n , D. Foster n , M. Coccaro n & S. Stauffer n

author keywords: barrier function; enteral nutrition; epithelial defense; nitric oxide
MeSH headings : Alanine / administration & dosage; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginine / administration & dosage; Atrophy; Chlorides / metabolism; Cryptosporidiosis / parasitology; Cryptosporidiosis / physiopathology; Cryptosporidiosis / therapy; Cryptosporidium parvum / growth & development; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology; Diarrhea / parasitology; Diarrhea / physiopathology; Diarrhea / therapy; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Enteral Nutrition; Ileum / parasitology; Ileum / pathology; Ileum / physiology; Indomethacin / pharmacology; Intestinal Mucosa / parasitology; Intestinal Mucosa / pathology; Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis; Oocysts / growth & development; Parasite Egg Count; Prostaglandins / biosynthesis; Random Allocation; Severity of Illness Index; Swine
TL;DR: These studies demonstrate that provision of additional NO substrate in the form of L-arginine incites prostaglandin-dependent secretory diarrhea and does not promote epithelial defense or barrier function of C parvum–infected neonatal ileum. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2007 journal article

Efficacy of tinidazole for treatment of cats experimentally infected with Tritrichomonas foetus

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH, 68(10), 1085–1088.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Stauffer*, M. Coccaro*, M. Poore*, M. Levy* & M. Papich* 

MeSH headings : Animals; Antitrichomonal Agents / therapeutic use; Cat Diseases / drug therapy; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Protozoan Infections / drug therapy; Tinidazole / therapeutic use; Tritrichomonas foetus / isolation & purification
TL;DR: Although tinidazole decreased the detection of T foetus and treated cats were resistant to later efforts to incite the infection, inability of tinidrazole to eradicate infection in many cats poses a serious impediment to the drug's effectiveness in practice. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2007 journal article

Optimization of a species-specific polymerase chain reaction assay for identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in canine fecal specimens

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH, 68(7), 783–787.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Stauffer*, M. Coccaro*, M. Marcotte* & M. Levy*

MeSH headings : Animals; DNA, Protozoan / chemistry; DNA, Protozoan / genetics; Diarrhea / diagnosis; Diarrhea / parasitology; Dog Diseases / diagnosis; Dog Diseases / parasitology; Dogs; Feces / parasitology; Female; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods; Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary; Protozoan Infections, Animal / diagnosis; Protozoan Infections, Animal / parasitology; Species Specificity; Trichomonadida / genetics; Trichomonadida / isolation & purification
TL;DR: Molecular identification of P hominis in feces of 4 dogs with trichomonosis and diarrhea reported here validates the identity of this species in such infections. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 article

Efficacy of ronidazole for treatment of feline Tritrichomonas foetus infection

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Vol. 20, pp. 536–543.

By: J. Gookin n , C. Copple n, M. Papich n , M. Poore n, S. Stauffer n, A. Birkenheuer n , D. Twedt n, M. Levy n

author keywords: colitis; diarrhea; metronidazole; nitroimidazole; tinidazole
TL;DR: Oral administration of RDZ at 30 to 50 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days resolved diarrhea and eradicated infection in 1 naturally infected cat and 10 experimentally inoculated cats receiving a different isolate of T foetus. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in feline fecal samples by polymerase chain reaction assay

VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY, 145(1-2), 11–15.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Stauffer n & M. Levy n

author keywords: Tritrichomonas foetus; Trichomonas; diarrhea; Pentatrichomonas hominis
MeSH headings : Animals; Cat Diseases / diagnosis; Cat Diseases / parasitology; Cats / parasitology; Feces / parasitology; Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods; Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary; RNA, Protozoan / analysis; RNA, Protozoan / genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / genetics; Trichomonadida / genetics; Trichomonadida / isolation & purification; Trichomonas Infections / diagnosis; Trichomonas Infections / veterinary
TL;DR: PCR identification of P. hominis infection in the cat should facilitate future studies to determine the pathogenicity of this species and enable differentiation from other known or as-yet unidentified species of trichomonads that may infect cats. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Neutrophils do not mediate the pathophysiological sequelae of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in neonatal piglets

INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 74(10), 5497–5505.

By: L. Zadrozny n, S. Stauffer*, M. Armstrong*, S. Jones n  & J. Gookin* 

MeSH headings : Animals; Antibodies / pharmacology; CD18 Antigens / drug effects; Cryptosporidiosis / immunology; Cryptosporidiosis / pathology; Cryptosporidium parvum; Diarrhea / immunology; Diarrhea / microbiology; Disease Models, Animal; Ileum / immunology; Ileum / microbiology; Ileum / pathology; Immunoglobulin G / pharmacology; Intestinal Mucosa / immunology; Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology; Intestinal Mucosa / pathology; Lipid Peroxidation; Neutrophils / enzymology; Neutrophils / immunology; Peroxidase / analysis; Peroxidase / metabolism; Peroxynitrous Acid / metabolism; Prostaglandins / metabolism; Superoxides / metabolism; Swine
TL;DR: These studies are the first to demonstrate that neutrophilic inflammation arising in response to infection by a noninvasive epithelial pathogen results in physiologic rather than pathological effects in vivo. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2005 journal article

NF-kappa B-mediated expression of iNOS promotes epithelial defense against infection by Cryptosporidium parvum in neonatal piglets

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY, 290(1), G164–G174.

By: J. Gookin n , S. Chiang n, J. Allen n, M. Armstrong n, S. Stauffer n, C. Finnegan*, M. Murtaugh

author keywords: nitric oxide; barrier function; diarrhea; cryptosporidiosis
MeSH headings : Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Chlorides / metabolism; Cryptosporidiosis / enzymology; Cryptosporidiosis / metabolism; Cryptosporidium parvum / immunology; Epithelial Cells / metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Ileum / cytology; Ileum / metabolism; Ileum / ultrastructure; Intestinal Mucosa / cytology; Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism; Intestinal Mucosa / pathology; NF-kappa B / metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / genetics; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism; Swine; Swine Diseases / enzymology; Swine Diseases / metabolism; Swine Diseases / parasitology
TL;DR: It is shown that mucosal expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) is increased in infected piglets and that inhibition of iNOS in vitro has no short-term effect on barrier function, suggesting that induction of i NOS represents a nonspecific response of the epithelium that mediates enterocyte defense against C. parvum infection. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

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